Historical Archives & Public Figures

Frans Hals

Belgium

1 – 1666 (84 years old)

Dutch Golden Age portrait master celebrated for lively, spontaneous brushwork capturing laughter, warmth, and vitality.

Haarlem, Netherlands

1,457 Full Record →

Politics

5

🕯️ 0

Hammuda Pasha Bey al-Muradi

حمودة باشا باي المرادي

Tunisia

c. 1610 AD – 1666 (~56 years old)

Second Muradid Bey (1631–1666) whose thirty-five-year reign was a golden age of urban architecture, builder of the magnificent Hammouda Pacha Mosque and octagonal minaret in the medina of Tunis.

Tunis, Tunisia

5 Full Record →

Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram (Shah Jahan)

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

37

🕯️ 1,490

Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram (Shah Jahan)

شهاب‌الدین محمد خرم (شاه جهان)

Pakistan

5 January 1592 – 22 January 1666 (74 years old)

Fifth Mughal Emperor who presided over the golden age of Mughal architectural magnificence. Commissioned the Taj Mahal—the world's most famous monument to eternal love—alongside the Red Fort of Delhi and the Jama Masjid.

Agra Fort, India

37 Full Record →

Arts & Music

2,727

🕯️ 91

Nicolas Poussin

France

1594 – 1665 (71 years old)

Founder of the French Classical tradition whose rigorous clarity, logic, and order dominated French academic art.

Rome, Italy

2,727 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

38

🕯️ 910

Pierre de Fermat

France

3 November 1607 – 12 January 1665 (57 years old)

French jurist and mathematician who founded modern number theory, formulated Fermat's Last Theorem, co-founded probability theory, and discovered the Principle of Least Time in optics.

Castres (Tarn), France

38 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

4

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Moulay M'hammed ibn Ali Sharif

مولاي امحمد بن علي الشريف

Morocco

c. 1635 – c. 1665 (~30 years old)

Pivotal early Alaouite royal commander who secured the Saharan caravan approaches to Sijilmassa and fortified the family's ancestral oasis territories during the dawn of the dynasty.

Rissani, Morocco

4 Full Record →

Politics

4

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Moulay Muhammad I ibn Sharif

مولاي محمد بن الشريف

Morocco

c. 1630 – 1664 (34 years old)

First sovereign leader of the Alaouite Dynasty (1636–1664) who rallied the oasis tribes of Tafilalt, liberated Sijilmassa, and expanded Alaouite power across the Moulouya Valley and eastern Morocco.

Rissani, Morocco

4 Full Record →

Guru Har Krishan Ji (Eighth Sikh Guru & The Child Healer)

Prophets & Divine Messengers

68

🕯️ 0

Guru Har Krishan Ji (Eighth Sikh Guru & The Child Healer)

ਗੁਰੂ ਹਰਿ ਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਨ ਜੀ

India

1656 – 1664 (7 years old)

Ascending to the Guruship at the tender age of five, Guru Har Krishan possessed astonishing spiritual wisdom and divine compassion; during a lethal smallpox epidemic in Delhi, he personally cared for the dying until contracting the disease himself at age seven.

New Delhi, India

68 Full Record →

Politics

2

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Queen Nzinga

Nzinga Mbande

Angola

1583-01-01 – 1663-12-17 (80 years old)

Brilliant 17th-century African monarch and military tactician who ruled Ndongo and Matamba, waging a four-decade guerrilla war against Portuguese colonial enslavement.

Matamba, Angola

2 Full Record →

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

46

🕯️ 1,150

Queen Nzinga Mbande (Ngola Ana Nzinga)

Njinga Mbandi Ana de Sousa

Angola

c. 1583 CE – 17 December 1663 (~80 years old)

Fearless 17th-century African monarch who fought Portuguese colonial subjugation for over four decades. A master diplomat and battlefield tactician who transformed Ndongo and Matamba into a sanctuary for escaped enslaved people.

Matamba, Angola

46 Full Record →

Agriculture

2

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Guillaume Couillard

France

c. 1591 – 1663 (72 years old)

Early pioneer who arrived in Quebec in 1613, married Louis Hébert's daughter Guillemette, mastered river navigation, and became the first Canadian colonist to be ennobled by King Louis XIV.

Quebec City, Canada

2 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

39

🕯️ 930

Blaise Pascal

France

19 June 1623 – 19 August 1662 (39 years old)

French child prodigy who invented the mechanical calculator (Pascaline), founded probability theory with Fermat, and proved that atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude.

Paris, France

39 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

43

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Koxinga (Zheng Chenggong)

鄭成功 / 國姓爺

Japan

1624 – 1662 (37 years old)

Ming loyalist general and maritime lord who waged war against the Qing dynasty, defeated the Dutch East India Company, and founded the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan.

Tainan, Taiwan

43 Full Record →

Guru Har Rai Ji (Seventh Sikh Guru & Healer of Creation)

Prophets & Divine Messengers

44

🕯️ 0

Guru Har Rai Ji (Seventh Sikh Guru & Healer of Creation)

ਗੁਰੂ ਹਰਿ ਰਾਇ ਜੀ

India

1630 – 1661 (31 years old)

The seventh Sikh Guru maintained a cavalry of 2,200 soldiers to ensure peace without ever fighting a single offensive war; he established the subcontinent's most advanced botanical gardens and free hospitals, even curing the dying Mughal prince Dara Shikoh.

Kiratpur Sahib, India

44 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

42

🕯️ 680

Cardinal Mazarin

Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino

Italy

1602-07-14 – 1661-03-09 (58 years old)

Master diplomat who negotiated the Treaty of Westphalia (1648) and the Treaty of the Pyrenees (1659), establishing French continental supremacy.

Vincennes, France

42 Full Record →

Humanitarian & Peace

46

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Saint Vincent de Paul

Vincent de Paul

France

1581 – 1660 (79 years old)

Prêtre français, figure tutélaire de la charité catholique organisée, fondateur de la Congrégation de la Mission (Lazaristes) et cofondateur des Filles de la Charité.

Paris, France

46 Full Record →

Arts & Music

42

🕯️ 990

Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez

Diego Velázquez

Spain

6 June 1599 (Baptism) – 6 August 1660 (~61 years old)

Supreme giant of the Spanish Golden Age and leading painter at the court of King Philip IV, celebrated for his profound psychological insight, optical atmospheric realism, and his meta-artistic pinnacle Las Meninas.

Madrid, Spain

42 Full Record →