Historical Archives & Public Figures

Jose Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva

Brazil

1763 – 1838 (74 years old)

Renowned mineralogist who discovered four new minerals (including petalite, which led to the discovery of lithium), and statesman revered as the 'Patriarch of Brazilian Independence' who guided Prince Pedro to declare independence from Portugal in 1822.

Santos (Sao Paulo), Brazil

39 Full Record →

Resistance & Human Rights

34

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Osceola

Asi-yahola

United States

c. 1804 – 1838 (~34 years old)

Influential Seminole war leader who led fierce resistance against United States forced removal during the Second Seminole War in Florida.

Sullivan's Island, United States

34 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

41

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Hussein Dey

حسين داي

Turkey

c. 1765 – 1838 (73 years old)

The 30th and final Dey of the Regency of Algiers whose defiant stance against French colonial debt ultimatums preceded the French invasion of 1830.

Alexandria, Egypt

41 Full Record →

Politics

2

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Muhammad Bello

Muhammad Bello ibn Uthman

Nigeria

1781-11-03 – 1837-10-25 (55 years old)

Second Sultan of the Sokoto Caliphate (1817–1837), military strategist, and prolific historian whose encyclopedic work 'Infaq al-Maysur' remains the primary chronicle of the jihad.

Wurno, Nigeria

2 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

4

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Ahmad ibn Idris al-Fasi

أحمد بن إدريس الفاسي

Morocco

1760 – 1837 (77 years old)

Moroccan-born global Islamic reformer and mystic of Fez who founded the Idrisiyya revivalist movement, teaching Muhammad ibn Ali al-Senussi and shaping 19th-century Sufism.

Fez (spiritual home), Morocco

4 Full Record →

Politics

3

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Mustafa ibn Mahmud Bey

مصطفى باي بن محمود

Tunisia

1786 AD – 1837 (51 years old)

Ninth Husainid sovereign who preserved Tunisian territorial integrity during the Ottoman reconquest of Tripoli and the French expansion in eastern Algeria, laying foundations for the Bardo military academy.

Tunis, Tunisia

3 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

34

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Giacomo Leopardi

Giacomo Taldegardo Francesco di Sales Saverio Pietro Leopardi

Italy

1798 – 1837 (38 years old)

Foremost modern Italian lyric poet and philosopher of cosmic pessimism whose Canti and Operette morali achieved peerless stylistic purity and intellectual depth.

Naples, Italy

34 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

39

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Diego Portales

Diego José Pedro Víctor Portales y Palazuelos

Chile

1793 – 1837 (43 years old)

Dominant Chilean statesman and businessman who established the stable constitutional framework of the Chilean Republic under the 1833 Constitution.

Santiago, Chile

39 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

33

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Hari Singh Nalwa

ਹਰੀ ਸਿੰਘ ਨਲਵਾ

Sikh Empire

1791 – 1837 (46 years old)

Fabled Commander-in-Chief of the Sikh Khalsa Army whose military genius halted centuries of foreign invasions through the Khyber Pass, conquering Kasur, Multan, Kashmir, and Peshawar.

Jamrud (Khyber District), Pakistan

33 Full Record →

Arts & Music

4,010

🕯️ 90

John Constable

Great Britain

1776 – 1837 (60 years old)

English Romantic landscape master celebrated for his loving, luminous paintings of Dedham Vale and The Hay Wain.

London, United Kingdom

4,010 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

38

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Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin

Александр Сергеевич Пушкин

Russia

6 June 1799 – 10 February 1837 (37 years old)

Revered as 'The Sun of Russian Poetry' and the foundational father of modern Russian literature, whose novel in verse Eugene Onegin, drama Boris Godunov, and The Bronze Horseman forged the modern Russian literary language.

Saint Petersburg, Russia

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Science

1

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Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu

France

1748 – 1836 (88 years old)

French botanist who published Genera Plantarum in 1789, revolutionizing botanical taxonomy by establishing the natural system of plant classification based on morphological hierarchies rather than artificial sexual counts.

Paris, France

1 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

39

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James Madison

United States

1751-03-16 – 1836-06-28 (85 years old)

Designed the core institutional framework of American democracy, institutional checks and balances, and guaranteed constitutional civil liberties.

Montpelier, Virginia, United States

39 Full Record →

Politics

1

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Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès

France

1748 – 1836 (88 years old)

Preeminent political theorist of the French Revolution whose 1789 pamphlet What Is the Third Estate? sparked the revolution, who survived the Terror ('J'ai vécu'), and who orchestrated the Coup of 18 Brumaire with Napoleon Bonaparte.

Paris, France

1 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

4,357

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André-Marie Ampère

France

1775 – 1836 (61 years old)

French physicist and mathematician who founded electrodynamics and formulated Ampère's circuital law.

Paris, France

4,357 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

4,293

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Marie-Anne Paulze Lavoisier

Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze

France

1758 – 1836 (78 years old)

French chemist, scientific translator, and artist revered as the 'mother of modern chemistry' alongside Antoine Lavoisier.

Paris, France

4,293 Full Record →

Arts & Music

3,273

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Vincenzo Bellini

Vincenzo Salvatore Carmelo Francesco Bellini

Italy

1801 – 1835 (33 years old)

Quintessential Italian bel canto composer celebrated for his long, flowing, melancholy melodies in Norma and I puritani.

Catania, Sicily, Italy

3,273 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

44

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John Marshall

United States

1755 – 1835 (79 years old)

Fourth Chief Justice of the United States who served for thirty-four years, established the principle of judicial review in Marbury v. Madison, and made the Supreme Court a co-equal branch.

Richmond, Virginia, United States

44 Full Record →

Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries