Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Ali ibn Umar al-Daraqutni

الدارقطني

Iraq

c. 918 CE – 0995 (77 years old)

Supreme Hadith critic and master of Ilal (hidden defects in chains of narration) whose 'Sunan al-Daraqutni' and 'Kitab al-Ilal' set the technical peak of Hadith analysis.

Baghdad, Iraq

82 Full Record →

4

Ibn al-Nadim

أبو الفرج محمد بن إسحاق النديم

Iraq

c. 932 – 12 November 995 (63 years old)

Renowned 10th-century Baghdad bookseller and bibliographer who compiled the Kitab al-Fihrist, preserving medieval literary heritage.

Baghdad, Iraq

4 Full Record →

Politics

7

Military Leaders & Strategists

Al-Mansur ibn Buluggin al-Ziri

المنصور بن بلكين بن زيري

Tunisia

c. 955 AD – 995 AD (~40 years old)

Second Zirid ruler of Ifriqiya (984–995 AD) who made Sabra al-Mansuriya outside Kairouan his magnificent capital, successfully asserting autonomy from Fatimid Cairo.

Kairouan, Tunisia

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Religious Figures & Theologians

Jawhar al-Siqilli

جوهر الصقلي

Sicily

c. 911 CE – January 28, 992 CE (~81 years old)

Brilliant Fatimid general of Sicilian origin who conquered North Africa and Egypt, founded the royal capital city of Cairo (Al-Qahirah) in 969 CE, and constructed the world-renowned Al-Azhar Mosque.

Cairo, Egypt

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31

Muhammad ibn Ali Ibn Babawayh

الشيخ الصدوق

Iraq

c. 923 CE – c. 991 CE (68 years old)

Towering Persian Shia traditionist whose 'Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih' is one of the Four Canonical Books (Al-Kutub al-Arba'ah) of Twelver Shia jurisprudence.

Rayy (Tehran), Iran

31 Full Record →

4

Egill Skallagrímsson

Iceland

0910-01-01 – 0990-01-01 (80 years old)

Legendary 10th-century Icelandic Viking warrior-poet and berserker hero of Egil's Saga whose complex scaldic masterpieces include Höfuðlausn (Head-Ransom) and the grief-stricken Sonatorrek.

Borgarnes, Iceland

4 Full Record →

Science

3

Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi

عبد الرحمن الصوفي

Iran

7 December 0903 – 25 May 0986 (82 years old)

Celebrated 10th-century Persian astronomer known in Europe as 'Azophi' whose 'Book of Fixed Stars' provided the first recorded observation of the Andromeda Galaxy.

Shiraz, Iran

3 Full Record →

8

Al-Hasan II ibn Gannun

الحسن الثاني بن القاسم كنون

Morocco

c. 935 – 985 (~50 years old)

The fifteenth and final reigning Sultan of the Idrisid dynasty, who heroically defended Moroccan sovereignty from Hajar an-Nasr until his tragic capture and execution in 985 AD.

Tangier / Chefchaouen, Morocco

8 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

41

Ibn al-Jazzar

أبو جعفر أحمد بن إبراهيم بن أبي خالد الجزار

Tunisia

0898 – 0980 (82 years old)

Pioneering 10th-century North African physician from Kairouan who authored 'Zad al-Musafir' (The Traveler's Provision), which became the premier medical handbook of medieval Europe under the title 'Viaticum Peregrinantis'.

Kairouan, Tunisia

41 Full Record →

Religion

7

Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Ahmad al-Jibenyani

أبو إسحاق إبراهيم الجبنياني

Tunisia

c. 890 AD – 979 AD (~89 years old)

10th-century mystic and ascetic of the Sfaxian Sahel, whose hermitage at Jebiniana became a regional sanctuary of prayer, charity, and rural literacy.

Jebiniana (Sfax), Tunisia

7 Full Record →

33

Emperor Taizu of Song

宋太祖 (趙匡胤)

China

0927 – 0976 (49 years old)

Founder of the Song Dynasty (960–976 CE) Zhao Kuangyin, who ended the violent Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, unified China, and permanently subordinated the military to civilian scholarly bureaucracy over a famous banquet of wine.

Gongyi (Henan), China

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29

Emperor Taizu of Song (Zhao Kuangyin)

宋太祖赵匡胤 (Zhao Kuangyin)

China

0927 – 0976 (49 years old)

Founding Emperor of the Song Dynasty who unified China, ended the chaotic Five Dynasties era, and subordinated the military to civil scholar-officials.

Gongyi, Henan, China

29 Full Record →

18

Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah

المعز لدين الله

Tunisia

September 26, 931 CE – December 19, 975 CE (44 years old)

Fourth Fatimid Caliph whose reign marked the golden apex of the dynasty, orchestrating the conquest of Egypt, transferring the caliphal court from Ifriqiya to Cairo, and fostering an era of remarkable intellectual and interfaith flourishing.

Cairo, Egypt

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17

Ziri ibn Manad

زيري بن مناد

Algeria

c. 900 – 971 (~71 years old)

Pivotal Berber chieftain of the Sanhaja confederation and founder of the illustrious Zirid dynasty, who built the impregnable mountain citadel of Ashir in the Titteri mountains.

Médéa, Algeria

17 Full Record →

4

Abu Firas al-Hamdani

أبو فراس الحمداني

Iraq

932 – 4 April 968 (36 years old)

Chivalric Hamdanid prince and knight-poet whose poignant prison poems 'Al-Rumiyyat' captured his seven-year captivity in Constantinople.

Homs, Syria

4 Full Record →

Politics

2

Sayf al-Dawla

سيف الدولة الحمداني

Turkey

22 June 916 – 8 February 967 (50 years old)

Chivalric Hamdanid Emir of Aleppo who waged decades of war against the Byzantine Empire and hosted the most brilliant literary salon of the medieval world.

Mayyafariqin (Silvan), Turkey

2 Full Record →

Abu al-Tayyib Ahmad ibn al-Husayn al-Kindi (Al-Mutanabbi)