Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Religious Figures & Theologians

14

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Muhammad al-Arabi al-Darqawi

محمد العربي الدرقاوي

Morocco

1737 – 1823 (86 years old)

Revered 18th-century Moroccan Sufi reformer who founded the worldwide Darqawiyya brotherhood, emphasizing voluntary poverty, invocation of the divine, and humility.

Beni Zerwal (Taounate), Morocco

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

29

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Moulay Slimane

مولاي سليمان بن محمد

Morocco

1766 – 1822 (56 years old)

Learned Alaouite Sultan of Morocco who reigned for thirty years, authored treatises on Islamic theology, modernized Moroccan commercial ports, and maintained peace during the Napoleonic Wars.

Rissani (Tafilalet), Morocco

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Statesmanship & Statesmen

38

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Karl August von Hardenberg

Karl August Fürst von Hardenberg

Germany

1750 – 1822 (72 years old)

Prussian Chancellor who modernized the Prussian state through the Stein-Hardenberg Reforms, emancipated Jewish citizens, and represented Prussia at the Congress of Vienna.

Neuhardenberg (Brandenburg), Germany

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Arts & Music

41

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Antonio Canova

Antonio Canova

Italy

1757 – 1822 (64 years old)

Foremost Neoclassical sculptor in Europe whose breathtaking marble masterpieces—including 'Psyche Revived by Cupid's Kiss'—brought Greek marble elegance back to the modern world.

Possagno, Italy

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Sciences & Discovery

33

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William Herschel (Sir Frederick William Herschel)

Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel

Germany

15 November 1738 – 25 August 1822 (83 years old)

Astronomer and telescope builder who discovered planet Uranus in 1781 (the first planet found with a telescope), discovered infrared radiation, and mapped the Milky Way galaxy.

Upton (Slough, Berkshire), United Kingdom

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Literature & Poetry

45

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Percy Bysshe Shelley

Percy Bysshe Shelley

Great Britain

4 August 1792 – 8 July 1822 (29 years old)

Radical English Romantic lyric poet and visionary whose impassioned defenses of nonviolent revolution and political justice in The Masque of Anarchy, Ode to the West Wind, and Ozymandias proclaimed poets as 'the unacknowledged legislators of the world'.

Gulf of Spezia (near Viareggio), Italy

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Resistance & Human Rights

31

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Denmark Vesey

United States

c. 1767 – 1822 (~55 years old)

African American carpenter and civil rights organizer who purchased his freedom and organized a massive, sophisticated conspiracy for slave liberation in Charleston.

Charleston, United States

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Literature & Poetry

37

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E.T.A. Hoffmann

Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann

Germany

1776 – 1822 (46 years old)

German Romantic polymath, composer, and master of the uncanny whose gothic tales inspired The Nutcracker, Coppélia, and Offenbach's The Tales of Hoffmann.

Berlin, Germany

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Science

4

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René-Just Haüy

René-Just Haüy

France

1743 – 1822 (79 years old)

French Catholic priest and mineralogist universally honored as the 'Father of Modern Crystallography' who discovered that crystals are built of identical microscopic building blocks ('molécules intégrantes') and formulated the Law of Rational Intercepts.

Paris, France

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Prophets & Divine Messengers

6

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Lievin Bauwens

Lieven Bauwens

Belgium

1769 – 1822 (52 years old)

Audacious Flemish entrepreneur who risked the death penalty by smuggling the British 'spinning mule' textile technology into Ghent in 1798, establishing Ghent as the 'Manchester of the Continent'.

Ghent, Belgium

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Statesmanship & Statesmen

21

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Umar Makram

عمر مكرم

Egypt

1750 – 1822 (72 years old)

Revered Naqib al-Ashraf of Egypt who led the popular resistance against Napoleon's invasion, defeated the British Fraser Expedition in 1807, and spearheaded the popular revolt that installed Muhammad Ali.

Cairo, Egypt

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Literature & Poetry

44

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John Keats

John Keats

Great Britain

31 October 1795 – 23 February 1821 (25 years old)

One of the supreme lyric poets in the English language who, before succumbing to tuberculosis at age twenty-five in Rome, composed the miraculous 1819 Odes—Ode to a Nightingale, Ode on a Grecian Urn, and To Autumn—proclaiming: 'Beauty is truth, truth beauty.'

Rome, Italy

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Resistance & Human Rights

34

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Henri Christophe

Henri Christophe

🌐 Grenada

1767 – 1820 (53 years old)

Haitian revolutionary general, key aide to Louverture and Dessalines, and King of Northern Haiti (1811–1820) who constructed the colossal mountain fortress of the Citadelle Laferriere to protect the newborn Black republic against European re-invasion.

Milot (Nord), Haiti

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Military Leaders & Strategists

42

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Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (Marschall Vorwärts)

Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Fürst von Wahlstatt

Germany

1742 – 1819 (76 years old)

Prussian Field Marshal and Prince of Wahlstatt hailed as 'Marshal Forward' whose aggressive leadership won Leipzig and whose timely arrival won Waterloo.

Kąty Wrocławskie, Poland

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Sciences & Discovery

40

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James Watt

James Watt

Scotland

30 January 1736 – 25 August 1819 (83 years old)

Scottish mechanical engineer whose invention of the separate condenser transformed the steam engine from an inefficient pump into the universal rotary prime mover of the Industrial Revolution.

Birmingham, United Kingdom

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

38

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Kamehameha I

Kamehameha Paiʻea (Kamehameha the Great)

United states

c. 1758 – 1819 (61 years old)

First monarch of the unified Kingdom of Hawaii (1810–1819) who combined supreme martial prowess with modern diplomacy to unite all the Hawaiian Islands, preserved Hawaiian independence against European empires, and established the humanitarian Law of the Splintered Paddle.

Kona Coast (Hawaii Island), United States

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Mathematics

3

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Gaspard Monge

Gaspard Monge

France

1746 – 1818 (72 years old)

French mathematician who invented descriptive geometry, revolutionizing architectural and engineering drafting, served as Navy Minister during the Revolution, and co-founded the world-renowned École Polytechnique.

Paris, France

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Sciences & Discovery

33

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Gaspar Monge

Gaspard Monge, Comte de Péluse

France

1746 – 1818 (72 years old)

French mathematician who invented descriptive geometry—the mathematical basis of modern technical drafting and engineering design—and co-founded the Ecole Polytechnique.

Paris, France

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