Historical Archives & Public Figures

Louise Crummy McKinney

Canada

1868 – 1931 (62 years old)

Pioneering temperance crusader who was elected to the Alberta Legislature in 1917, becoming the first woman sworn into a parliament anywhere in the British Empire, and a member of the Famous Five.

Claresholm (Alberta), Canada

1 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

34

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Kitasato Shibasaburo

北里柴三郎

Japan

1853 – 1931 (78 years old)

Pioneering Japanese physician and bacteriologist who co-discovered the bubonic plague pathogen and developed serum therapy against tetanus and diphtheria alongside Emil von Behring.

Tokyo, Japan

34 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

22

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Amar ou Said Boulifa

عمار بن سعيد بوليفة

Algeria

c. 1865 – 1931 (66 years old)

Pioneering Algerian scholar, teacher, and ethnographer who published foundational studies on Kabyle linguistics, oral poetry of Si Mohand, and the ancient history of the Berber nation.

Algiers, Algeria

22 Full Record →

Politics

1

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Sharif Hussein bin Ali

الحسين بن علي شريف مكة

Turkey

1854 – 4 June 1931 (77 years old)

Sharif of Mecca who launched the 1916 Great Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire to establish a united, independent Arab state.

Jerusalem, Palestine

1 Full Record →

Music

1

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Eugène Ysaÿe

Eugène-Auguste Ysaÿe

Belgium

1858 – 1931 (72 years old)

Universally crowned the 'King of the Violin', Liège-born virtuoso and composer whose monumental Six Sonatas for Solo Violin (Op. 27) transformed twentieth-century string technique and who inspired Cesar Franck's Violin Sonata.

Ixelles (Brussels), Belgium

1 Full Record →

Resistance & Human Rights

37

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Prempeh I

Kwaku Dua III Asamu (Prempeh I)

Ghana

1870 – 1931 (60 years old)

Asantehene (King) of the Ashanti Empire who rejected British protectorate ultimatums, endured twenty-eight years of colonial exile in Sierra Leone and Seychelles to protect the sacred Golden Stool, and returned in triumph to Kumasi in 1924.

Kumasi (Ashanti Region), Ghana

37 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

2,046

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Albert A. Michelson

Albert Abraham Michelson

Poland

1852 – 1931 (78 years old)

Master experimentalist whose Michelson-Morley interferometer experiment disproved the luminiferous aether.

Altadena, California, United States

2,046 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

40

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Gibran Khalil Gibran

جبران خليل جبران

Lebanon

6 January 1883 – 10 April 1931 (48 years old)

Lebanese-American mystic poet and artist whose prose-poetry masterwork The Prophet (1923)—translated into over one hundred languages—ranks as the third best-selling poet in history after Shakespeare and Laozi.

New York City, United States

40 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

3

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Erik Axel Karlfeldt

Erik Axel Eriksson

Sweden

1864-07-20 – 1931-04-08 (66 years old)

Master Swedish lyric poet and Permanent Secretary of the Swedish Academy who was posthumously awarded the 1931 Nobel Prize in Literature for his musical verses of Dalarna folk life.

Avesta, Sweden

3 Full Record →

Business

1

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André Michelin

André Jules Michelin

France

1853 – 1931 (78 years old)

Visionary French industrialist and marketing pioneer who co-founded Michelin with his brother Édouard, created the Michelin Man (Bibendum), originated the Michelin Red Guide (1900), and published the first modern road maps.

Clermont-Ferrand (Puy-de-Dôme), France

1 Full Record →

Resistance & Human Rights

42

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Ida B. Wells

Ida Bell Wells-Barnett

United States

16 July 1862 – 25 March 1931 (68 years old)

Courageous African American investigative journalist, educator, and early civil rights leader who exposed the epidemic of lynching in the American South and co-founded the NAACP.

Chicago, Illinois, United States

42 Full Record →

Resistance & Human Rights

32

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Bhagat Singh

भगत सिंह

Pakistan

1907 – 1931 (23 years old)

Iconic socialist revolutionary whose intellectual writings, hunger strikes, and court statements transformed Indian anti-colonial consciousness.

Hussainiwala, India

32 Full Record →

Art

0

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Akseli Gallen-Kallela

Axel Waldemar Gallén

Finland

1865-04-26 – 1931-03-07 (65 years old)

Finland's most prominent painter whose monumental, heroic masterworks—including The Defence of the Sampo, Lemminkäinen's Mother, and the Aino Triptych—defined the visual spirit of Finnish independence.

Helsinki, Finland

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Resistance & Human Rights

39

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Chandrashekhar Azad

चंद्रशेखर आजाद

India

1906 – 1931 (24 years old)

Legendary commander-in-chief of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association who vowed never to be taken alive by the British colonial police.

Prayagraj, India

39 Full Record →

Joseph Joffre (Marshal Joffre / Papa Joffre)

Military Leaders & Strategists

36

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Joseph Joffre (Marshal Joffre / Papa Joffre)

Joseph Jacques Césaire Joffre

France

1852 – 1931 (78 years old)

Marshal of France and Commander-in-Chief of the French Army whose unflappable composure and counter-offensive won the 'Miracle of the Marne' in September 1914.

Louveciennes (Yvelines), France

36 Full Record →

Science

0

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Fritz Pregl

Historical Austria

1869-09-03 – 1930-12-13 (61 years old)

Austrian chemist and physician who invented organic micro-analysis, enabling chemical analysis on minuscule milligram-sized samples, awarded the 1923 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Graz, Styria, Austria

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Science

0

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Otto Sverdrup

Otto Neumann Knoph Sverdrup

Norway

1854-10-31 – 1930-11-26 (76 years old)

Eminent Norwegian Arctic explorer who captained the Fram on Fridtjof Nansen's drift across the Arctic Ocean and mapped over 260,000 square kilometers of the Canadian Arctic archipelago.

Oslo, Norway

0 Full Record →