Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

9

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Al-Hasan I al-Hajjam

الحسن الأول الحجام بن محمد

Morocco

c. 890 – 927 (~37 years old)

Tenth Idrisid Sultan who raised a national liberation army in the Rif mountains and liberated the imperial capital Fez from Fatimid occupation in 925 AD.

Fez, Morocco

9 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

49

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Abu Bakr al-Razi (Rhazes)

أبو بكر محمد بن يحيى الرازي

Iran

865 CE – 27 October 925 (60 years old)

Chief physician of Baghdad Hospital who first clinically distinguished smallpox from measles, pioneered pediatric medicine, discovered ethanol distillation, and authored Kitab al-Hawi.

Rayy (Tehran), Iran

49 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

36

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Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari

محمد بن جرير الطبري

🌐 Tabaristan

c. 839 CE – 0923 (84 years old)

Peerless polymath, jurist, and historian whose 'Tarikh al-Tabari' (History of the Prophets and Kings) and monumental Tafsir form the bedrock of Islamic historiography and exegesis.

Baghdad, Iraq

36 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

31

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Husayn ibn Mansur al-Hallaj

الحسين بن منصور الحلاج

Iraq

c. 858 CE – 0922 (64 years old)

Legendary Persian Sufi mystic, poet, and martyr whose ecstatic utterance 'Ana al-Haqq' (I am the Creative Truth) became the ultimate symbol of supreme mystical sacrifice.

Baghdad, Iraq

31 Full Record →

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

9

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Yahya IV of Morocco

يحيى الرابع بن إدريس بن عمر

Morocco

c. 870 – 917 (~47 years old)

Seventh Idrisid Sultan who reunited the fractured Moroccan principalities in 904 AD, acclaimed by chroniclers as the most just and pious Idrisid monarch.

Fez, Morocco

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Religious Figures & Theologians

29

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Ahmad ibn Shu'ayb al-Nasa'i

أحمد بن شعيب النسائي

Iran

c. 829 CE – 0915 (86 years old)

Legendary Hadith master whose 'Al-Sunan al-Sughra' (Sunan an-Nasa'i) is renowned for its extraordinarily stringent standards of narrator criticism, rivaling Bukhari and Muslim.

Mecca (traditional site), Saudi Arabia

29 Full Record →

Science

2

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Qusta ibn Luqa

قسطا بن لوقا البعلبكي

Lebanon

c. 820 – 912 (92 years old)

Celebrated 9th-century Melkite Christian physician and polymath from Baalbek who translated Diophantus, Euclid, and Heron of Alexandria into Arabic.

Yerevan, Armenia

2 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

32

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Junayd of Baghdad

الجنيد البغدادي

Iran

c. 830 – c. 910 (80 years old)

Revered as 'Sayyid al-Ta'ifa' (Master of the Sufis), 9th-century mystic who formulated 'sober Sufism', strictly harmonizing mystical experience with the Shariah.

Baghdad, Iraq

32 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

29

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Abu al-Qasim al-Junayd ibn Muhammad

الجنيد البغدادي

Iraq

c. 830 CE – c. 910 CE (80 years old)

Foundational architect of sober, orthodox Islamic Sufism whose teachings harmonized inner mystical annihilation (fana) and sobriety (sahw) strictly with the Quran and Sunnah.

Baghdad, Iraq

29 Full Record →

Religion

6

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Isa ibn Miskin al-Ifriqi

عيسى بن مسكين الإفريقي

Tunisia

829 AD – 908 AD (79 years old)

Legendary Chief Justice (Qadi) of Kairouan under the Aghlabids, immortalized in North African legal history for extreme personal austerity, refusal of gifts, and defending the poor against royal princes.

Kairouan, Tunisia

6 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

19

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Ishaq ibn Imran

إسحاق بن عمران

Iraq

c. 850 – 907 (~57 years old)

Pioneering 9th-century Baghdad-trained physician in Kairouan who authored the world's first clinical psychiatric treatise on depression, Maqala fi al-Malikhuliya (Treatise on Melancholy).

Kairouan, Tunisia

19 Full Record →

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

20

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Ibrahim II of Ifriqiya

إبراهيم الثاني بن أحمد

Tunisia

0850 – 0902 (52 years old)

Aghlabid Emir who ruled Ifriqiya from 875 to 902, famous for building the monumental palace-city of Raqqada, completing the conquest of Byzantine Sicily, and subduing regional rebellions.

Kairouan, Tunisia

20 Full Record →

Philosophy & Thought

30

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Yahya ibn Umar al-Kinani

يحيى بن عمر الكناني

Tunisia

c. 828 CE – 902 CE (74 years old)

Pioneering Islamic legal theorist of Kairouan who authored 'Ahkam al-Suq' (Rules of the Market), the earliest surviving comprehensive legal treatise on economic regulation, consumer protection, and commercial ethics.

Sousse, Tunisia

30 Full Record →

Science

3

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Thabit ibn Qurra

ثابت بن قرة

Syria

826 – 18 February 901 (75 years old)

Sabian mathematician and astronomer in Baghdad who pioneered amicable numbers, non-Euclidean geometry concepts, and solar year calculations.

Baghdad, Iraq

3 Full Record →

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

39

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Alfred the Great (King of the Anglo-Saxons)

Ælfred se Micela (Alfred the Great)

Great Britain

c. 849 CE – 26 October 899 CE (~50 years old)

King of Wessex and the only English monarch accorded the epithet "the Great." Defended Anglo-Saxon England against Viking conquest at the Battle of Edington (878), fortified the kingdom with the burh fortress network, and personally translated Latin classics into Old English.

Winchester, United Kingdom

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Literature & Poetry

4

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Al-Buhturi

البحتري

Syria

c. 821 – 897 (76 years old)

Great 9th-century Syrian classical poet renowned for his lyrical naturalism, musicality, and majestic ode on the ruins of the Arch of Ctesiphon.

Manbij, Syria

4 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

35

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Zhaozhou Congshen

趙州從諗

China

c. 778 CE – c. 897 CE (119 years old)

Iconic Chinese Chan master famous for his eighty years of traveling, profound paradoxical brevity, and the ultimate koan 'Mu' (Does a dog have Buddha-nature?).

Zhaoxian (Hebei), China

35 Full Record →

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

16

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Khamarawayh ibn Ahmad ibn Tulun

خمارويه بن أحمد بن طولون

Iraq

864 – 0896 (32 years old)

Second Tulunid sovereign of Egypt and Syria (884–896) whose opulent reign made Cairo an architectural wonderland with exotic botanical gardens, royal menageries, and a legendary liquid mercury air-bed.

Cairo, Egypt

16 Full Record →