Historical Archives & Public Figures

Philippe Pinel

France

1745 – 1826 (81 years old)

French physician who revolutionized psychiatry during the French Revolution by striking the chains and iron collars from asylum inmates at Bicêtre and the Salpêtrière, establishing humane 'moral treatment'.

Paris, France

2 Full Record →

Science

3

🕯️ 0

René Laennec

René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec

France

1781 – 1826 (45 years old)

Breton physician who invented the stethoscope in 1816 at the Necker Hospital in Paris, pioneering modern mediate auscultation and clinical diagnosis of pulmonary and cardiac diseases.

Douarnenez (Finistère, Brittany), France

3 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

42

🕯️ 500

John Adams

United States

1735-10-30 – 1826-07-04 (90 years old)

Primary architect of constitutional government and republicanism; author of the Massachusetts Constitution (1780), the world's oldest continuously operating written constitution.

Quincy, Massachusetts, United States

42 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

39

🕯️ 970

Thomas Jefferson

United States

1743-04-13 – 1826-07-04 (83 years old)

Articulated foundational concepts of individual liberty, republicanism, and religious freedom in seminal founding documents.

Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

39 Full Record →

Arts & Music

33

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Carl Maria von Weber

Carl Maria Friedrich Ernst von Weber

Germany

1786 – 1826 (39 years old)

German composer, conductor, and critic acclaimed as the father of German Romantic opera, immortalized by 'Der Freischütz', 'Euryanthe', and his brilliant clarinet concertos.

London, United Kingdom

33 Full Record →

Arts & Music

3,992

🕯️ 36

Jacques-Louis David

France

1748 – 1825 (77 years old)

Preeminent painter of the Neoclassical era and official artist of the French Revolution and Napoleon Bonaparte.

Brussels, Belgium

3,992 Full Record →

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

35

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Alexander I of Russia

Александр I Павлович (Благословенный)

Russia

1777 – 1825 (47 years old)

Emperor of Russia who defeated Napoleon's 1812 invasion, marched victoriously into Paris, and redrew post-Napoleonic Europe at the Congress of Vienna.

Saint Petersburg, Russia

35 Full Record →

Science

3

🕯️ 0

Bernard Germain de Lacépède

Bernard-Germain-Étienne de La Ville-sur-Illon, comte de Lacépède

France

1756 – 1825 (68 years old)

Distinguished French naturalist and statesman chosen by Buffon to complete his monumental Histoire Naturelle with landmark volumes on reptiles, fish, and cetaceans, and who served as the first Grand Chancellor of the Legion of Honour.

Paris, France

3 Full Record →

Art

2

🕯️ 0

Dominique Vivant Denon

France

1747 – 1825 (78 years old)

Versatile artist, diplomat, and archaeologist appointed by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1802 as the very first Director-General of the Musée du Louvre, transforming it into the world's preeminent art museum.

Paris, France

2 Full Record →

Arts & Music

31

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Johann Heinrich Füssli

Switzerland

1741 – 1825 (84 years old)

Swiss-born British Romantic painter and professor whose chilling masterpiece 'The Nightmare' (1781) introduced gothic terror, eroticism, and the irrational subconscious into Western art.

London, United Kingdom

31 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

12

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Abd al-Rahman al-Jabarti

عبد الرحمن الجبرتي

Egypt

1753 – 1825 (72 years old)

Towering Egyptian historian and Azhari scholar whose monumental eyewitness chronicle Aja'ib al-Athar provides the definitive, masterly record of late Ottoman Egypt and Napoleon Bonaparte's 1798 invasion.

Cairo, Egypt

12 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

43

🕯️ 985

George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron

George Gordon Byron

Great Britain

22 January 1788 – 19 April 1824 (36 years old)

Flamboyant English Romantic poet who created the brooding, rebellious 'Byronic hero' in Childe Harold's Pilgrimage and Don Juan, dying a hero of the Greek War of Independence at Missolonghi.

Missolonghi, Greece

43 Full Record →

Politics

7

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Mahmud ibn Muhammad Bey

محمود باي بن محمد

Tunisia

1757 – 1824 (66 years old)

Seventh Husainid Bey of Tunis whose decade-long reign navigated the post-Napoleonic Mediterranean shifts, the abolition of privateering under European diplomatic pressure, and internal economic modernization.

Tunis, Tunisia

7 Full Record →

Law

4

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Jean-Jacques-Régis de Cambacérès

France

1753 – 1824 (70 years old)

Master jurist and statesman who served as Second Consul alongside Napoleon Bonaparte, became Arch-Chancellor of the French Empire, and served as the principal intellectual architect of the Napoleonic Civil Code.

Paris, France

4 Full Record →

Arts & Music

2,279

🕯️ 143

Théodore Géricault

Jean-Louis André Théodore Géricault

France

1791 – 1824 (32 years old)

Pioneering French Romantic painter whose dramatic tour de force The Raft of the Medusa launched the Romantic movement.

Paris, France

2,279 Full Record →

Science

5

🕯️ 0

Muhammad al-Bahi al-Tunisi

محمد الباهي التونسي

Tunisia

1758 AD – 1824 AD (66 years old)

Renowned 18th-century Tunisian astronomer, astrolabe maker, and chief muwaqqit at the Great Mosque of Ez-Zitouna who calculated celestial tables and solar coordinates across North Africa.

Tunis, Tunisia

5 Full Record →

Military

2

🕯️ 0

Lazare Carnot

Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot

France

1753 – 1823 (70 years old)

Visionary military engineer and mathematician acclaimed as 'The Organizer of Victory' who raised, equipped, and deployed fourteen armies of the French Republic through the levée en masse in 1793.

Paris, France

2 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

38

🕯️ 980

Edward Jenner

Great Britain

17 May 1749 – 26 January 1823 (73 years old)

'Father of Immunology' who developed the world's first successful vaccine in 1796 using cowpox matter to confer immunity against lethal smallpox, saving hundreds of millions of lives.

Berkeley (Gloucestershire), United Kingdom

38 Full Record →

Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries