Historical Archives & Public Figures

Sir James Douglas

Guyana

1803 – 1877 (73 years old)

Fur trader of mixed African and Scottish heritage who rose to Chief Factor of the Hudson's Bay Company and served as the founding Governor of British Columbia during the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush.

Victoria (British Columbia), Canada

1 Full Record →

Humanitarian & Peace

33

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Mary Carpenter

Great Britain

1807 – 1877 (70 years old)

British pioneer of popular education and juvenile justice, creator of the first rehabilitation schools rehabilitating rather than punishing young offenders.

Bristol, United Kingdom

33 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

5

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Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Finland

1804-02-05 – 1877-05-06 (73 years old)

National poet of Finland whose epic cycle Fänrik Ståls sägner (The Tales of Ensign Stål) contained 'Vårt land' (Our Land), which became Finland's national anthem (Maamme).

Porvoo, Finland

5 Full Record →

Social

0

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Caroline Chisholm

Caroline Jones Chisholm

United Kingdom

1808-05-30 – 1877-03-25 (68 years old)

Nineteenth-century humanitarian known as 'The Emigrant's Friend' who provided shelter, employment, and protection for thousands of destitute young female migrants and families in colonial Australia.

Northampton, United Kingdom

0 Full Record →

Humanitarian & Peace

32

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Sir Titus Salt, 1st Baronet

Titus Salt

Great Britain

1803 – 1876 (73 years old)

Manufacturier textile et réformateur social britannique, créateur du village ouvrier modèle de Saltaire offrant des logements salubres, un hôpital et des écoles.

Saltaire, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

32 Full Record →

Politics

1

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Joseph Jenkins Roberts

United States

1809-03-15 – 1876-02-24 (66 years old)

First and seventh President of the Republic of Liberia who proclaimed Liberian independence on July 26, 1847, and secured international recognition for Africa's first modern republic.

Monrovia, Liberia

1 Full Record →

Humanitarian & Peace

39

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Guillaume-Henri Dufour

Germany

1787 – 1875 (87 years old)

Général et ingénieur suisse, héros unificateur de la guerre du Sonderbund, premier président du Comité international de la Croix-Rouge (1863-1864).

Geneva, Switzerland

39 Full Record →

Resistance & Human Rights

17

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Cherif Bouchoucha

الشريف بوشوشة

Algeria

c. 1827 – 1875 (~48 years old)

Legendary Saharan guerrilla commander who mobilized the desert tribes of Ouargla, Touggourt, and the M'zab from 1862 to 1874 against French colonial conquest.

Constantine, Algeria

17 Full Record →

Arts & Music

2,365

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Georges Bizet

France

1838 – 1875 (36 years old)

French Romantic composer who created Carmen, one of the most popular and influential operas in the global repertoire.

Paris, France

2,365 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

0

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Juana Manso

Juana Paula Manso de Noronha

Argentina

1819-06-26 – 1875-04-24 (55 years old)

Pioneering Argentine feminist, educator, and novelist who founded Latin America's first feminist journal, Álbum de Señoritas, and co-created Argentina's modern secular co-educational public school system.

Buenos Aires, Argentina

0 Full Record →

Art

1

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Peter Christian Skovgaard

Peter Christian Thamsen Skovgaard

Denmark

1817-04-04 – 1875-04-13 (58 years old)

Foremost landscape painter of Danish National Romanticism whose monumental canvases of sun-dappled beech forests and lakes celebrated Denmark's idyllic natural beauty.

Copenhagen, Denmark

1 Full Record →

Geology

1

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Jean-Baptiste d'Omalius d'Halloy

Jean-Baptiste Julien d'Omalius d'Halloy

Belgium

1783 – 1875 (91 years old)

Pioneering Walloon geologist who named the Cretaceous geological period (1822), produced the first modern geological map of the Paris Basin, and served as President of the Belgian Senate.

Lives-sur-Meuse (Namur), Belgium

1 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

28

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Ahmad Ibn Abi Diyaf

أحمد بن أبي الضياف

Tunisia

1804 – September 29, 1874 (70 years old)

Preeminent nineteenth-century Tunisian statesman, reformist intellectual, and historian whose monumental chronicle Ithaf Ahl al-Zaman provided an indispensable analytical record of Tunisian statecraft, modernization, and constitutional thought.

Tunis, Tunisia

28 Full Record →

Politics

1

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Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt

Barthélémy-Théodore de Theux de Meylandt

Belgium

1794 – 1874 (80 years old)

Dominant Catholic conservative statesman who served three terms as Prime Minister of Belgium (1834–1840, 1846–1847, 1871–1874), guiding the peaceful ratification of the Treaty of London in 1839.

Heusden-Zolder (Limburg), Belgium

1 Full Record →

Resistance & Human Rights

30

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Cochise

Cheis

United States

c. 1805 – 1874 (~69 years old)

Legendary Chiricahua Apache war leader who waged a masterclass guerrilla war from the Dragoon Mountains, fiercely protecting his homeland for over a decade.

Dragoon, United States

30 Full Record →

Politics

1

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Sylvain Van de Weyer

Jean-Sylvain Van de Weyer

Belgium

1802 – 1874 (72 years old)

Founding father of independent Belgium who served in the 1830 Provisional Government, became Prime Minister (1845–1846), and secured British diplomatic support as ambassador to London for over thirty years.

Brookwood (Surrey), United Kingdom

1 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

31

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Charles Sumner

United States

1811 – 1874 (63 years old)

Fierce Radical Republican Senator from Massachusetts who led the abolitionist cause in Congress, survived a brutal caning on the Senate floor, and championed Reconstruction civil rights.

Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States

31 Full Record →

Science

1

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Adolphe Quetelet

Lambert Adolphe Jacques Quetelet

Belgium

1796 – 1874 (77 years old)

Polymathic astronomer and statistician who founded the Royal Observatory of Belgium, invented the Body Mass Index (Quetelet Index), and established modern social statistics with his concept of 'l'homme moyen' (the average man).

Evere (Brussels), Belgium

1 Full Record →

Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries