Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Military Leaders & Strategists

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André Masséna (The Dear Child of Victory)

André Masséna, duc de Rivoli, prince d'Essling

Kingdom of Sardinia (France)

1758 – 1817 (58 years old)

Marshal of France hailed by Napoleon as 'l'Enfant chéri de la victoire' who saved France at the Second Battle of Zurich and held the epic Siege of Genoa.

Paris, France

3 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

5

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Michel Ney (The Bravest of the Brave)

Michel Ney, duc d'Elchingen, prince de la Moskowa

Kingdom of France

1769 – 1815 (46 years old)

Marshal of France immortalized by Napoleon as 'The Bravest of the Brave' (Le Brave des Braves), who commanded the heroic rear guard during the retreat from Moscow.

Paris, France

5 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

6

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Joachim Murat (King of Naples)

Joachim Murat, roi de Naples

Kingdom of France

1767 – 1815 (48 years old)

Marshal of the Empire, Grand Duke of Berg, and King of Naples celebrated as the greatest cavalry commander in modern history, who led the colossal 10,000-horse charge at Eylau.

Pizzo (Calabria), Italy

6 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Louis-Alexandre Berthier (Marshal of France)

Louis-Alexandre Berthier, prince de Neuchâtel

Kingdom of France

1753 – 1815 (61 years old)

Marshal of the Empire, Sovereign Prince of Neuchâtel, and Chief of Staff of the Grande Armée whose organizational genius translated Napoleon's operational vision into reality.

Tegernsee (Bavaria), Germany

3 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

4

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Gerhard von Scharnhorst

Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst

Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Germany)

1755 – 1813 (57 years old)

Prussian general and intellectual reformer who created the Prussian General Staff, abolished noble privilege in the officer corps, and modernized warfare.

Berlin, Germany

4 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Prince Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration

Пётр Иванович Багратион / პეტრე ივანეს ძე ბაგრატიონი

Russian Empire

1765 – 1812 (47 years old)

Heroic Russian general of Georgian royal descent and favorite disciple of Suvorov who defended the flèches at Borodino, inspiring Tolstoy's War and Peace.

Borodino (Mozhaysk), Russia

3 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

5

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Jean Lannes (The Roland of the Grande Armée)

Jean Lannes, duc de Montebello

Kingdom of France

1769 – 1809 (40 years old)

Marshal of the Empire, 1st Duke of Montebello, and Napoleon's closest friend who captured the bridge at Arcole, took Montebello, and died heroically at Aspern-Essling.

Paris, France

5 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, Comte de Rochambeau

Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau

Kingdom of France

1725 – 1807 (81 years old)

Marshal of France who commanded the French expeditionary army (Expédition Particulière) sent to support George Washington, co-directing the decisive Siege of Yorktown.

Thoré-la-Rochette (Loir-et-Cher), France

3 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Major General Henry Knox

Henry Knox

Thirteen Colonies (British America)

1750 – 1806 (56 years old)

Boston bookseller turned Chief Artillery Officer of the Continental Army who transported 60 tons of cannon from Fort Ticonderoga and served as the 1st Secretary of War.

Thomaston (Maine), United States

3 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

2

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Mahadji Shinde

महादजी शिंदे

Maratha Empire

1730 – 1794 (63 years old)

Ruler of Gwalior and supreme Maratha statesman who resurrected Maratha supremacy after the Third Battle of Panipat, trained modern European-style infantry under Benoit de Boigne, and controlled Delhi.

Wanwadi (Pune), India

2 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

6

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Mahadaji Shinde (Madhavrao Scindia)

महादजी शिंदे

Maratha Empire (India)

1730 – 1794 (63 years old)

Maratha ruler of Gwalior who rebuilt Maratha supremacy after the disaster of Panipat, trained modern European-style infantry brigades, and liberated Delhi.

Wanowrie (Pune), India

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Military Leaders & Strategists

2

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Quang Trung

Quang Trung (Nguyễn Huệ)

Dai Viet

1753 – 1792 (39 years old)

Brilliant military genius and Emperor of Vietnam of the Tay Son Dynasty who crushed a 200,000-man Qing Chinese invasion force in a lightning surprise attack during Tet in 1789.

Tay Son (Binh Dinh), Vietnam

2 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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John Paul Jones (Father of the US Navy)

John Paul Jones

Kingdom of Great Britain (Scotland)

1747 – 1792 (45 years old)

Scottish-American naval captain venerated as the 'Father of the United States Navy' who raided British home waters and uttered 'I have not yet begun to fight!'

Annapolis (Maryland), United States

3 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

5

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François Joseph Paul, Comte de Grasse

François-Joseph Paul, comte de Grasse

Kingdom of France

1722 – 1788 (65 years old)

French naval admiral whose victory over the British Royal Navy at the Battle of the Chesapeake sealed the fate of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown.

Paris, France

5 Full Record →

Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Major General Nathanael Greene

Nathanael Greene

Thirteen Colonies (British America)

1742 – 1786 (43 years old)

Major General of the Continental Army and George Washington's most talented military strategist whose Southern Campaign of attrition wore out Cornwallis.

Savannah (Georgia), United States

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Casimir Pulaski (Kazimierz Pułaski)

Kazimierz Michał Władysław Wiktor Pułaski

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Poland)

1745 – 1779 (34 years old)

Polish nobleman and general revered as the 'Father of the American Cavalry' who saved George Washington's life at Brandywine and died at the Siege of Savannah.

Savannah (Georgia), United States

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Military Leaders & Strategists

2

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Malhar Rao Holkar

मल्हारराव होळकर

Maratha Empire

1693 – 1766 (73 years old)

Founder of the Holkar Dynasty of Indore and supreme Maratha cavalry general who rose from a shepherd family to command imperial campaigns across northern India and Malwa.

Alampur (Bhind, Madhya Pradesh), India

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Maurice de Saxe (Marshal of Saxony)

Hermann Maurice de Saxe

Electorate of Saxony (Germany)

1696 – 1750 (54 years old)

Marshal General of France and visionary military theorist whose tactical brilliance won the Battle of Fontenoy and who authored the influential treatise Mes Rêveries.

Strasbourg, France

3 Full Record →