Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Military Leaders & Strategists

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General George C. Marshall

George Catlett Marshall Jr.

United States

1880 – 1959 (78 years old)

General of the Army hailed by Winston Churchill as the 'organizer of victory' in WWII, who expanded the US Army to 8.5 million men and created the Marshall Plan.

Arlington (Virginia), United States

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Ahmed Bougara

أحمد بوقرة

Algeria

1928 – 1959 (30 years old)

Legendary military commander of Wilaya IV who led the guerrilla struggle across the Mitidja plain and Ouarsenis mountains, renowned for his moral integrity and tactical genius.

Médéa, Algeria

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Ali Mellah

علي ملاح

Algeria

1924 – 1957 (33 years old)

Historic Colonel of the ALN who was entrusted with establishing Wilaya VI (the Saharan front), expanding the Algerian armed revolution into the vast Southern territories.

Laghouat, Algeria

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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General Sudirman

Raden Soedirman

Indonesia

1916 – 1950 (34 years old)

First Commander-in-Chief of the Indonesian National Armed Forces who led an epic seven-month guerrilla campaign carried on a litter through the Javanese jungle while suffering from severe tuberculosis.

Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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John J. Pershing (General of the Armies)

John Joseph Pershing

United States

1860 – 1948 (87 years old)

Commander of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) in World War I who insisted on an independent US military command and won the Meuse-Argonne Offensive.

Arlington (Virginia), United States

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque (Marshal Leclerc)

Philippe de Hauteclocque, maréchal Leclerc

France

1902 – 1947 (45 years old)

Marshal of France and heroic Free French commander of the 2nd Armored Division (2e DB) who liberated Paris and Strasbourg, fulfilling the Oath of Kufra.

Paris, France

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Field Marshal Erwin Rommel (The Desert Fox)

Johannes Erwin Eugen Rommel

Germany

1891 – 1944 (52 years old)

Field Marshal hailed as 'The Desert Fox' whose tactical brilliance leading the Afrika Korps and mobile armored warfare won Tobruk and Gazala.

Blaustein (Baden-Württemberg), Germany

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Marshal Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto

山本五十六

Japan

1884 – 1943 (59 years old)

Marshal Admiral and Commander-in-Chief of the Combined Fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy who pioneered naval carrier aviation and planned the Pearl Harbor raid.

Fuchu (Tokyo), Japan

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Field Marshal Edmund Allenby (1st Viscount Allenby)

Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby

Great Britain

1861 – 1936 (75 years old)

British field marshal nicknamed 'The Bull' who commanded the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, won the Battle of Megiddo, and entered Jerusalem on foot in 1917.

London, United Kingdom

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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T. E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia)

Thomas Edward Lawrence

🌐 Wales

1888 – 1935 (46 years old)

British archaeologist, officer, and irregular warfare strategist who mobilized the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire and authored Seven Pillars of Wisdom.

Moreton (Dorset), United Kingdom

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Togo Heihachiro

東郷 平八郎

Japan

1848 – 1934 (86 years old)

Fleet Admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy dubbed the 'Nelson of the East', who annihilated the Russian Imperial Baltic Fleet at the Battle of Tsushima in 1905, changing world naval history.

Fuchu (Tokyo), Japan

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Joseph Joffre (Marshal Joffre / Papa Joffre)

Joseph Jacques Césaire Joffre

France

1852 – 1931 (78 years old)

Marshal of France and Commander-in-Chief of the French Army whose unflappable composure and counter-offensive won the 'Miracle of the Marne' in September 1914.

Louveciennes (Yvelines), France

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Field Marshal Douglas Haig (1st Earl Haig)

Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig

Scotland

1861 – 1928 (66 years old)

Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force on the Western Front from 1915 to 1919 who directed the Hundred Days Offensive that won World War I.

Dryburgh (Scottish Borders), United Kingdom

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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General Aleksei Alekseyevich Brusilov

Алексей Алексеевич Брусилов

Georgia

1853 – 1926 (72 years old)

Russian cavalry general who innovated infiltration and short shock artillery tactics in the 1916 Brusilov Offensive, the greatest Allied breakthrough of World War I.

Moscow, Russia

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Osman Digna

عثمان دقنة

Sudan

c. 1840 – 1926 (86 years old)

Fabled military strategist of the Beja Hadendoa tribes in eastern Sudan who defeated British and Egyptian armies at El Teb and Tamai, breaking the British infantry square.

Wadi Halfa (Northern State), Sudan

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Ras Alula Engida

ራስ አሉላ እንግዳ (አባ ነጋ)

Ethiopia

c. 1827 CE – 1897 (70 years old)

One of Africa's greatest 19th-century military commanders, dubbed the 'Garibaldi of Abyssinia', who wiped out Italian colonial troops at Dogali in 1887 and commanded the vanguard at the Battle of Adwa in 1896.

Axum (Tigray), Ethiopia

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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General William Tecumseh Sherman

William Tecumseh Sherman

United States

1820 – 1891 (71 years old)

Union General during the American Civil War whose 'March to the Sea' and capture of Atlanta broke Confederate infrastructure and pioneered modern total warfare.

St. Louis (Missouri), United States

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Military Leaders & Strategists

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Giuseppe Garibaldi (Hero of the Two Worlds)

Giuseppe Garibaldi

France

1807 – 1882 (74 years old)

Italian general, nationalist, and revolutionary who led the Expedition of the Thousand in his iconic Red Shirts, conquering the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies to unify Italy.

Caprera Island (La Maddalena), Italy

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