Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

8

🕯️ 0

Abu Malik Abd al-Wahid

أبو مالك عبد الواحد بن أبي حمو

Algeria

c. 1375 – 1430 (~55 years old)

Zayyanid Sultan who restored Tlemcen's independence in 1411, captured Fez, and revitalized trade routes linking Andalusia, Algeria, and the Sahara.

Tlemcen, Algeria

8 Full Record →

Arts & Music

3,349

🕯️ 164

Masaccio

Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Simone

Italy

1401 – 1 (26 years old)

Foundational Early Renaissance master whose revolutionary use of linear perspective and human gravity ignited the Florentine Renaissance.

Florence, Italy

3,349 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

40

🕯️ 720

Madhava of Sangamagrama

മാധവൻ (സംഗമഗ്രാമ മാധവൻ)

India

c. 1340 CE – c. 1425 CE (85 years old)

Founder of the Kerala School of Astronomy and Mathematics who discovered infinite power series expansions for sine, cosine, and arctangent (the Madhava-Leibniz series) 250 years before Newton.

Irinjalakuda (Thrissur, Kerala), India

40 Full Record →

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

26

🕯️ 0

Yongle Emperor

明成祖 (朱棣)

China

1360 – 1424 (64 years old)

Third emperor of the Ming Dynasty (1402–1424) Zhu Di, who constructed the colossal Forbidden City in Beijing, rebuilt the Grand Canal, commissioned the 11,000-volume Yongle Encyclopedia, and launched Admiral Zheng He's legendary treasure fleet voyages across the Indian Ocean.

Changping (Beijing), China

26 Full Record →

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

27

🕯️ 0

Yongle Emperor (Zhu Di)

永乐帝 朱棣 (Chengzu)

China

1360 – 1424 (64 years old)

Third Ming Emperor who built the Forbidden City, moved the capital to Beijing, compiled the Yongle Encyclopedia, and launched Zheng He's treasure voyages.

Changping, Beijing, China

27 Full Record →

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

28

🕯️ 0

Henry V of England

Henry of Monmouth

Great Britain

1386 – 1422 (35 years old)

Warrior King of England celebrated for his legendary victory against overwhelming odds at the Battle of Agincourt in 1415.

London, United Kingdom

28 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

38

🕯️ 940

Je Tsongkhapa Lobsang Drakpa

རྗེ་ཙོང་ཁ་པ། (Rje Tsong-kha-pa)

China

21 October 1357 CE – 13 November 1419 CE (62 years old)

Tibetan religious reformer, philosopher, and founder of the Gelug school—the tradition of the Dalai Lamas. Authored the Lamrim Chenmo (The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment), unifying monastic discipline and Madhyamaka logic.

Ganden Monastery, China

38 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

19

🕯️ 0

Al-Qalqashandi

أحمد بن علي القلقشندي

Egypt

1355 – 1418 (63 years old)

Eminent Mamluk chancery official whose monumental 14-volume administrative encyclopedia, Subh al-A'sha, preserves the bureaucratic, diplomatic, and geographical apparatus of the medieval Islamic world.

Cairo, Egypt

19 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

12

🕯️ 0

Abu Zayd Abd al-Rahman al-Jadiri

عبد الرحمن الجادري الفاسي

Morocco

1375 – 1416 (41 years old)

Preeminent 15th-century Moroccan astronomer and chief timekeeper (Muwaqqit) of the University of al-Qarawiyyin in Fez, author of the authoritative astronomical treatise Rawdat al-Azhar.

Fez, Morocco

12 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

37

🕯️ 0

Julian of Norwich

Julian of Norwich

Great Britain

1343 – c. 1416 (72 years old)

English anchoress and mystic whose 'Revelations of Divine Love' is the earliest surviving English book authored by a woman, immortal for her vision that 'all shall be well'.

Norwich, United Kingdom

37 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

32

🕯️ 0

Jan Hus

Jan Hus

Czech Republic

c. 1372 – 1415 (43 years old)

Bohemian religious reformer, rector of Prague University, and martyr whose vernacular Czech preaching against indulgences ignited the Hussite movement and inspired Martin Luther.

Constance, Germany

32 Full Record →

Prophets & Divine Messengers

7

🕯️ 0

Lalla Arbia of Sfax

للا عربية الصفاقسية

Tunisia

c. 1350 AD – c. 1415 AD (~65 years old)

Venerated female spiritual figure of Sfax who dedicated her life and substantial olive estate inheritances to funding shelters for widowed women, orphans, and students of the Great Mosque of Sfax.

Sfax, Tunisia

7 Full Record →

Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

32

🕯️ 0

Margaret I of Denmark (Margrete I)

Margrete Valdemarsdatter

Denmark

c. 1353 – 1412 (59 years old)

Master Scandinavian queen who created the Kalmar Union in 1397, uniting the three Nordic kingdoms of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.

Roskilde, Zealand, Denmark

32 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

28

🕯️ 0

Hasdai ben Abraham Crescas

חסדאי קרשקש

Spain

c. 1340 – c. 1410 (70 years old)

Catalan philosopher and leader of Spanish Jewry whose treatise 'Light of the Lord' (Or Adonai) critiqued Aristotelian physics and championed divine love and free will.

Zaragoza, Spain

28 Full Record →

Humanities

6

🕯️ 0

Abu al-Walid Ismail ibn Yusuf Ibn al-Ahmar

إسماعيل بن يوسف بن الأحمر

Morocco

1387 – c. 1407 (20 years old)

Exiled Nasrid royal who served the Marinid court in Fez, author of Rawdat al-Nisrin, one of the primary historical chronicles of the Marinid and Nasrid dynasties.

Rabat, Morocco

6 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

13

🕯️ 0

Ahmad ibn Kunfudh

أحمد بن حسن بن الخطيب (ابن قنفذ القسنطيني)

Algeria

1339 – 1407 (68 years old)

Preeminent 14th-century Algerian polymath, astronomer, and Chief Judge of Constantine whose astronomical treatises on planetary conjunctions and historical chronicles documented Hafsid North Africa.

Constantine, Algeria

13 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

18

🕯️ 0

Ibn Qunfudh

ابن قنفذ القسنطيني

Algeria

1339 – 1407 (68 years old)

Towering 14th-century polymath from Constantine who wrote seminal treatises on planetary astronomy, arithmetic, Maliki law, and chronological history.

Constantine, Algeria

18 Full Record →

Philosophy & Thought

42

🕯️ 910

Ibn Khaldun (Wali al-Din Abd al-Rahman)

عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون

Tunisia

27 May 1332 – 19 March 1406 (73 years old)

Father of historiography, sociology, and political economy whose Muqaddimah uncovered the laws governing social cohesion (Asabiyyah) and the cyclical rise and fall of civilizations.

Cairo, Egypt

42 Full Record →