Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Ruhi al-Khalidi

روحي الخالدي

Palestine

1864 – 6 August 1913 (49 years old)

Pioneering Ottoman-Palestinian comparative literature scholar, author of 'Tarikh Ilm al-Adab', and member of the Ottoman Parliament for Jerusalem.

Jerusalem, Palestine

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Tobias Michael Carel Asser

Netherlands

28 April 1838 – 29 July 1913 (75 years old)

Tobias Asser was an eminent Dutch jurist who pioneered the international codification of private international law. He initiated and presided over the Hague Conferences on Private International Law (1893–1904), co-founded the Institut de Droit International, and helped create the Hague Academy of International Law, receiving the 1911 Nobel Peace Prize.

The Hague, Netherlands

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Camille Lemonnier

Belgium

1844 – 1913 (69 years old)

Fierce naturalist novelist and art critic known as 'the Belgian Zola' whose 1881 masterpiece Un Mâle provoked obscenity trials and heralded the late nineteenth-century renaissance of Belgian French-language letters.

Ixelles (Brussels), Belgium

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Politics

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Resistance & Human Rights

Marie Popelin

Belgium

1846-09-16 – 1913-06-05 (66 years old)

Trailblazing feminist who became Belgium's first woman Doctor of Laws in 1888; denied admission to the bar in the famous 'Popelin Affair', she founded the Belgian League for the Rights of Women.

Ixelles, Brussels, Belgium

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Harriet Tubman

Araminta Ross (Harriet Tubman)

United States

c. March 1822 – 10 March 1913 (~91 years old)

Iconic American abolitionist and political activist who escaped slavery and subsequently made roughly 13 missions to rescue approximately 70 enslaved people using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad.

Auburn, New York, United States

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Pauline Johnson

Tekahionwake

Canada

10 March 1861 – 7 March 1913 (51 years old)

Celebrated Mohawk-Canadian poet and theatrical performer whose dramatic recitations and lyrical verse brought Indigenous heritage to Victorian audiences worldwide.

Vancouver, Canada

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Statesmanship & Statesmen

E. Pauline Johnson (Tekahionwake)

Emily Pauline Johnson

Canada

1861 – 1913 (51 years old)

Celebrated Mohawk poet and dramatic performer who toured the world in dual Indigenous and Victorian costume, reciting verses such as The Song My Paddle Sings and preserving coastal Salish legends in Vancouver.

Vancouver, Canada

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Francisco I. Madero

Francisco Ignacio Madero Gonzalez

Mexico

1873 – 1913 (39 years old)

Mexican revolutionary leader and democratic President (1911–1913) known as the 'Apostle of Democracy', whose 1910 Plan of San Luis Potosi ignited the Mexican Revolution and overthrew the thirty-four-year dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz.

Mexico City, Mexico

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Science

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Hjalmar Johansen

Fredrik Hjalmar Johansen

Norway

1867-05-15 – 1913-01-04 (45 years old)

Heroic Norwegian polar explorer and world-champion gymnast who accompanied Fridtjof Nansen on his dash to the Farthest North (86°14'N) and joined Amundsen's South Pole expedition.

Skien, Norway

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Mir Mosharraf Hossain

মীর মশাররফ হোসেন

Bangladesh

1847-11-13 – 1912-12-19 (65 years old)

Pioneering nineteenth-century author considered the first major modern Muslim novelist in Bengali, celebrated for his monumental epic romance 'Bishad Sindhu' ('Ocean of Sorrow') on the tragedy of Karbala.

Baliakandi, Rajbari, Bangladesh

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Prophets & Divine Messengers

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Auguste Marie François Beernaert

Belgium

26 July 2014 – 6 October 1912 (83 years old)

Auguste Beernaert was a Belgian statesman who served as Prime Minister of Belgium from 1884 to 1894. A champion of international law, he represented Belgium at the 1899 and 1907 Hague Peace Conferences, presided over the Inter-Parliamentary Union, and promoted social legislation and Congo reform, sharing the 1909 Nobel Peace Prize with Paul-Henri d'Estournelles de Constant.

Watermael-Boitsfort, Brussels, Belgium

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Sadok Ghileb

الصادق غلب

Tunisia

c. 1840 AD – 1912 (72 years old)

Prominent municipal leader and Sheik al-Medina (Mayor of Tunis) who preserved the architectural identity of the ancient medina while introducing modern sanitation, water distribution, and lighting.

Tunis, Tunisia

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Louisa Twining

Great Britain

1820 – 1912 (91 years old)

Réformatrice sociale victorienne, fondatrice de la Workhouse Visiting Society, qui consacra cinquante ans à humaniser les hospices de pauvres et à professionnaliser les soins aux vieillards indigents.

London, United Kingdom

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William Booth

Great Britain

1829 – 1912 (83 years old)

Prédicateur britannique, fondateur et premier Général de l'Armée du Salut en 1865, alliant secours social concret (nourriture, abri, réinsertion) et rédemption spirituelle.

Stoke Newington, London, United Kingdom

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