Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Abd al-Mu'min

عبد المؤمن بن علي الكومي

Algeria

c. 1094 – 1163 (69 years old)

Zenata Berber military genius from Nedroma, Algeria, who succeeded Ibn Tumart, overthrew the Almoravid dynasty, and founded the Almohad Caliphate, uniting the entire Maghreb from Morocco to Tripoli for the first time in history.

Tinmel (High Atlas), Morocco

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Peter Lombard

Petrus Lombardus

Kingdom of Italy

c. 1096 – 1160 (64 years old)

Bishop of Paris whose 'Four Books of Sentences' served as the universal university textbook of theology for four hundred years, commented upon by Aquinas, Bonaventure, and Luther.

Paris, France

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

Bernard of Clairvaux

Bernardus Claraevallensis

Duchy of Burgundy

c. 1090 – 1153 (63 years old)

Cistercian abbot, mystic, and Doctor of the Church who sparked the massive expansion of the Cistercian Order, preached the Second Crusade, and wrote sublimely on the love of God.

Troyes, France

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Suryavarman II of Khmer

ព្រះបាទសូរ្យវរ្ម័នទី២

Khmer Empire (Cambodia)

c. 1094 – c. 1150 (56 years old)

Mighty king of the Khmer Empire who reunified Cambodia and constructed Angkor Wat, the largest religious monument in the world.

Siem Reap, Cambodia

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

Al-Qadi Ayyad

القاضي عياض بن موسى اليحصبي

spain

1083 – 1149 (65 years old)

Preeminent Maliki jurist, traditionist, and historian who served as Grand Qadi of Ceuta and Granada, authored the world-famous devotion 'Ash-Shifa', and is venerated among the Seven Saints of Marrakech.

Marrakech, Morocco

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Ali ibn Yusuf

علي بن يوسف بن تاشفين

spain

1083 – 1143 (60 years old)

Almoravid Emir of Morocco and al-Andalus for thirty-seven years, who constructed the monumental sandstone walls of Marrakech, the Great Mosque of Algiers, and the Koubba Ba'adiyin.

Marrakech, Morocco

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Military Leaders & Strategists

Peter Abelard

Petrus Abaelardus

Duchy of Brittany

c. 1079 – 1142 (63 years old)

Brilliant French scholastic philosopher and dialectician whose 'Sic et Non' pioneered scholastic methodology and who formulated the moral influence theory of the atonement.

Paris, France

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Military Leaders & Strategists

Yue Fei

岳飞 (岳鹏举)

Northern Song Dynasty

1103 – 1142 (38 years old)

Revered military hero of the Southern Song Dynasty who defended China against the Jurchen Jin invasion with his disciplined Yue Family Army, bearing the tattoo 'Serve the Country with Utmost Loyalty'.

Hangzhou (West Lake), China

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Yue Fei (General Yue Pengju)

岳飛 / 岳鵬舉

Song Dynasty (China)

1103 – 1142 (38 years old)

National hero and supreme commander of the Southern Song dynasty whose elite Yue Family Army repelled the Jurchen Jin dynasty with unbroken patriotism.

Hangzhou, China

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Hugh of Saint Victor

Hugo de Sancto Victore

Holy Roman Empire

c. 1096 – 1141 (45 years old)

Master of the Abbey of Saint Victor in Paris whose 'Didascalicon' integrated all secular arts with theology and who formulated the first medieval summa of sacramental theology.

Paris, France

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Judah Halevi (Author of the Kuzari)

יהודה הלוי / يهوذا اللاوي

Spain

c. 1075 CE – c. 1141 CE (66 years old)

Premier Hebrew poet of Muslim Spain and author of The Kuzari. His passionate poetic verses ("My heart is in the East, and I am at the ends of the West") expressed the deepest spiritual yearning of the Jewish diaspora for Jerusalem.

Jerusalem, Palestine

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Philosophy & Thought

Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)

أبو بكر محمد بن يحيى بن الصائغ بن باجة التجيبي

spain

c. 1085 CE – c. 1138 CE (53 years old)

Pioneering Andalusian philosopher, astronomer, and musician known to the Latin West as Avempace, author of The Regime of the Solitary and critic of Ptolemaic epicycles.

Fez, Morocco

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Philosophy & Thought

4

Ramanuja

रामानुज

Chola Empire

c. 1017 – c. 1137 (120 years old)

Supreme Hindu philosopher-theologian who founded Vishishtadvaita (Qualified Non-Dualism) Vedanta, author of the 'Sri Bhashya', who championed loving devotion (Bhakti) and opened sacred temple mantras to all castes.

Srirangam (Tamil Nadu), India

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Sri Ramanujacharya (Acharya of Vishishtadvaita)

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🕯️ 980

Sri Ramanujacharya (Acharya of Vishishtadvaita)

रामानुजाचार्य (Rāmānujācārya)

India

13 April 1017 CE – c. 1137 CE (119 years old)

Eleventh-century philosopher-theologian who formulated Vishishtadvaita (Qualified Non-Dualism). Challenged pure illusionism by proving that the universe and individual souls (Jivas) are the real body of the Supreme Lord (Narayana).

Srirangam, India

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Jetsun Milarepa

རྗེ་བཙུན་མི་ལ་རས་པ

Tibetan Kingdom

c. 1052 – c. 1135 (83 years old)

Tibet's supreme poet-saint and yogi who transformed from a remorseful practitioner of black magic into an enlightened master, singing 'The Hundred Thousand Songs of Milarepa'.

Nyalam, China

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Sciences & Discovery

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🕯️ 940

Omar Khayyam

عمر خیام نیشابوری

Iran

18 May 1048 – 4 December 1131 (83 years old)

Persian polymath who geometrically solved cubic equations using intersecting conics, designed the ultra-precise Jalali solar calendar, and penned the world-famous Rubaiyat.

Nishapur (Razavi Khorasan), Iran

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