Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

August Strindberg

Johan August Strindberg

Sweden

1849 – 1912 (63 years old)

Visionary Swedish playwright, novelist, and painter whose naturalistic and expressionist masterpieces Miss Julie and A Dream Play pioneered modern European drama.

Stockholm, Sweden

8 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

Bram Stoker

Abraham Stoker

Ireland

1847 – 1912 (64 years old)

Irish author and longtime business manager of London's Lyceum Theatre who created the seminal gothic vampire masterpiece Dracula.

London, United Kingdom

5 Full Record →

6

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Clarissa Harlowe Barton

United States

25 December 1821 – 12 April 1912 (90 years old)

Clara Barton was a pioneering American nurse and humanitarian who ministered to wounded soldiers on the front lines of the American Civil War, earning the moniker 'Angel of the Battlefield'. She founded the American Red Cross in 1881 and served as its first president for over two decades, expanding its humanitarian mandate to include peacetime disaster relief.

Oxford, Massachusetts, United States

6 Full Record →

Sports & Athletics

Robert Falcon Scott

United Kingdom

1868 – 1912 (43 years old)

British Royal Navy officer and Antarctic explorer whose heroic 1910–1913 Terra Nova Expedition reached the South Pole and whose poignant final diary entries inspired generations of polar scientists.

Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica

4 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

3,063

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Joseph Lister

Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister

United Kingdom

1827 – 1912 (84 years old)

British surgeon celebrated as the 'father of modern antiseptic surgery' who used carbolic acid to eradicate surgical infections.

London, United Kingdom

3,063 Full Record →

Philosophy & Thought

6

Statesmanship & Statesmen

Edward Wilmot Blyden

Danish West Indies

1832 – 1912 (79 years old)

Educator, writer, and diplomat recognized as the father of Pan-Africanism, whose 1887 book Christianity, Islam and the Negro Race formulated the concept of the 'African Personality'.

Freetown, Sierra Leone

6 Full Record →

Eloy Alfaro

José Eloy Alfaro Delgado

Ecuador

1842 – 1912 (69 years old)

President of Ecuador known as 'El Viejo Luchador' (The Old Fighter) who led the Liberal Revolution of 1895, built the Guayaquil-Quito Trans-Andean Railway, and separated Church and State.

Montecristi (Manabí), Ecuador

5 Full Record →

7

Sophia Louisa Jex-Blake

Sophia Jex-Blake

United Kingdom

1840 – 1912 (71 years old)

Médecin et réformatrice britannique, cheffe de file des « Sept d'Édimbourg » et fondatrice des premières facultés de médecine pour femmes à Londres et en Écosse.

Rotherfield, East Sussex, United Kingdom

7 Full Record →

Arts & Music

Resistance & Human Rights

Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov

Валентин Александрович Серов

Russian Empire

1865 – 1911 (46 years old)

Premier Russian portraitist and painter whose luminous 'Girl with Peaches' (1887) heralded Russian Impressionism and whose aristocratic portraits captured the twilight of the Romanov Empire.

Moscow, Russia

5 Full Record →

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Statesmanship & Statesmen

Ahmed Orabi

أحمد عرابي

Egypt

1841 – 1911 (70 years old)

Egyptian nationalist army general who led the 1881–1882 Urabi Revolt against British and French financial control and Khedivial tyranny, demanding a constitutional government and national dignity.

Cairo, Egypt

8 Full Record →

Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin

Пётр Аркадьевич Столыпин

Kingdom of Saxony

1862 – 1911 (49 years old)

Formidable Prime Minister of the Russian Empire whose Stolypin Agrarian Reforms created a class of private peasant landowners to stabilize Tsarist Russia against revolution.

Kyiv, Ukraine

4 Full Record →

Arts & Music

Hishida Shunso

菱田春草

Japan

1874 – 1911 (36 years old)

Meiji-era Japanese painter who co-founded modern Nihonga and pioneered the 'morotai' (vague/blind) technique, eliminating sharp outlines to capture atmosphere and light, painted the masterpiece Black Cat.

Tokyo, Japan

4 Full Record →

Arts & Music

11

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Gustav Mahler

Czech Republic

7 July 1860 – 18 May 1911 (50 years old)

Austro-Bohemian visionary composer and legendary conductor who declared 'a symphony must be like the world: it must embrace everything', pioneering 20th-century modernism with his nine epic symphonies and Das Lied von der Erde.

Vienna, Austria

11 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

3,292

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Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff

Netherlands

1852 – 1911 (58 years old)

Inaugural winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1901) who founded modern stereochemistry, chemical kinetics, and osmotic pressure theory.

Berlin, Germany

3,292 Full Record →

Frances Ellen Watkins Harper

United States

1825 – 1911 (85 years old)

Celebrated African American abolitionist orator and poet acclaimed as the 'Mother of African American Journalism', whose bestselling poetry and 1892 novel 'Iola Leroy' championed Black freedom, temperance, and women's rights.

Collingdale (Pennsylvania), United States

5 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

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Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy

Лев Николаевич Толстой

Russia

9 September 1828 – 20 November 1910 (82 years old)

Colossus of world literature whose epic panoramic masterworks War and Peace and Anna Karenina captured the entire canvas of human life, and whose later Christian anarchist pacifism (The Kingdom of God Is Within You) inspired Mahatma Gandhi.

Astapovo (Lipetsk Oblast), Russia

14 Full Record →