Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Military Leaders & Strategists

4

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Xiang Yu (Hegemon-King of Western Chu)

項羽 / 項籍

Chu State (China)

232 BCE – 202 BCE (~30 years old)

Fearsome Chu warlord who broke the Qin Empire at the Battle of Julu, proclaimed himself Hegemon-King of Western Chu, and fought Liu Bang.

Hexian (Ma'anshan), China

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Han Xin (Marquis of Huaiyin)

韓信

Qin Empire (China)

c. 231 BCE – 196 BCE (~35 years old)

Brilliant supreme commander of Liu Bang who conquered the rival states of China, trapped Xiang Yu at Gaixia, and established the Han Dynasty.

Huai'an, China

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Bai Qi (The Human Butcher)

白起

Qin State (China)

c. 332 BCE – 257 BCE (~75 years old)

Undefeated supreme general of the State of Qin during the Warring States period who captured Chu's capital and annihilated Zhao at the Battle of Changping.

Xianyang, China

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Military Leaders & Strategists

4

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Sun Bin (Military Strategist)

孫臏

Qi State (China)

c. 380 BCE – c. 316 BCE (~64 years old)

Descendant of Sun Tzu and chief military strategist of the State of Qi whose tactical brilliance devised 'Besiege Wei to Rescue Zhao' and won the Battle of Maling.

Juancheng (Heze), China

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Military Leaders & Strategists

4

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Titus Quinctius Flamininus

Titus Quinctius Flamininus

Roman Republic

c. 229 BCE – 174 BCE (~55 years old)

Roman general and statesman who defeated Philip V of Macedon at Cynoscephalae and proclaimed the 'Freedom of the Greeks' at the Isthmian Games.

Rome, Italy

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Marcus Furius Camillus

Marcus Furius Camillus

Roman Republic

c. 446 BCE – 365 BCE (~81 years old)

Roman soldier and statesman honored as the 'Second Founder of Rome' who captured Veii, drove Brennus's Gauls from the sacked city, and reorganized the legions.

Rome, Italy

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Lucius Licinius Lucullus

Lucius Licinius Lucullus

Roman Republic

118 BCE – 56 BCE (~62 years old)

Brilliant Roman general and conqueror of the eastern kingdoms in the Third Mithridatic War, celebrated for his tactical genius and opulent luxury.

Tusculum, Italy

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Scipio Aemilianus (Scipio Africanus the Younger)

Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus Africanus

Roman Republic

185 BCE – 129 BCE (~56 years old)

Roman consul and general who commanded the final siege and destruction of Carthage in the Third Punic War and subdued Numantia in Hispania.

Rome, Italy

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus

Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator

Roman Republic

c. 280 BCE – 203 BCE (~77 years old)

Roman statesman and dictator known as 'The Delayer' (Cunctator) whose strategy of attrition saved the Roman Republic from destruction by Hannibal.

Rome, Italy

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Marcus Claudius Marcellus

Marcus Claudius Marcellus

Roman Republic

c. 268 BCE – 208 BCE (~60 years old)

Five-time Roman consul celebrated as 'The Sword of Rome' who won the Spolia Opima, captured Syracuse after overcoming Archimedes' war engines, and fought Hannibal.

Rome, Italy

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Brasidas of Sparta

Βρασίδας

Greece

c. 460 BCE – 422 BCE (~38 years old)

Legendary Spartan general whose daring Northern Thracian campaign, oratorical brilliance, and victory at Amphipolis compelled the Peace of Nicias.

Amphipolis, Greece

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Military Leaders & Strategists

3

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Lysander of Sparta

Λύσανδρος

Greece

c. 454 BCE – 395 BCE (~59 years old)

Spartan admiral (nauarchos) and master strategist who won the Battle of Aegospotami, forced the surrender of Athens, and ended the Peloponnesian War.

Panopeus, Greece

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Military Leaders & Strategists

5

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Cimon of Athens

Κίμων

Greece

c. 510 BCE – c. 450 BCE (~60 years old)

Athenian general, admiral, and leader of the Delian League who shattered Persian naval power at the Battle of the Eurymedon.

Athens, Greece

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Military Leaders & Strategists

5

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Miltiades the Younger

Μιλτιάδης

Greece

c. 550 BCE – c. 489 BCE (~61 years old)

Athenian general and strategist who devised the historic double-envelopment phalanx tactic to defeat Darius I's Persian invasion force at the Battle of Marathon.

Marathon, Greece

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Prophets & Divine Messengers

9

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Neolin (The Delaware Prophet of the Master of Life)

Neolin

United States

c. 1725 – c. 1775 (~50 years old)

A Lenni Lenape (Delaware) spiritual visionary, Neolin ascended to the celestial realm of the Master of Life (Kitanitowit) in 1761, receiving the Great Map of the Soul and preaching pan-tribal unity, inspiring Chief Pontiac's famous rebellion.

Tuscarawas Valley, United States

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Prophets & Divine Messengers

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Mallinatha (19th Tirthankara of Jainism)

मल्लिनाथ

India

Ancient Cosmic Era – Ancient Cosmic Era

The 19th Tirthankara of Jainism (celebrated in the Shvetambara tradition as Princess Malli, the only female Tirthankara), Mallinatha famously enlightened six warring kings through the brilliant parable of the golden urn filled with decay.

Shikharji, India

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Prophets & Divine Messengers

8

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Shantinatha (16th Tirthankara & Universal Emperor)

शान्तिनाथ

India

Ancient Cosmic Era – Ancient Cosmic Era

Unique in holding both the supreme temporal title of Chakravartin (Emperor of the World) and the supreme spiritual title of Tirthankara, Shantinatha pacified terrible epidemics and wars before abdicating all earthly dominion to preach cosmic peace.

Giridih, India

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Prophets & Divine Messengers

5

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Neminatha / Arishtanemi (22nd Tirthankara of Jainism)

नेमिनाथ / अरिष्टनेमि

India

c. 3200 BCE – c. 3100 BCE (~100 years old)

The 22nd Tirthankara of Jainism and cousin of Lord Krishna, Neminatha famously turned back from his own lavish wedding procession upon hearing the terrified cries of animals caged to be slaughtered for the feast, renouncing all wealth for Mount Girnar.

Junagadh, India

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