Historical Archives & Public Figures

Пётр Леонидович Капица

Russian Empire

1894 – 1984 (89 years old)

Russian physicist who discovered superfluidity in liquid helium-4 and developed pioneering cryogenic equipment and high-power microwave electronics, winning the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Moscow, Russia

0 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

2,347

🕯️ 175

Hideki Yukawa

湯川秀樹

Japan

1907 – 1981 (74 years old)

First Japanese Nobel laureate who predicted the existence of mesons to explain the strong nuclear force.

Higashiyama, Kyoto, Japan

2,347 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

0

🕯️ 0

Aleksandr Oparin

Александр Иванович Опарин

Russian Empire

1894 – 1980 (86 years old)

Russian biochemist who proposed the foundational 'primordial soup' theory of the origin of life, postulating that organic molecules arose abiogenetically under early Earth's reducing atmosphere.

Moscow, Russia

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Sciences & Discovery

1,828

🕯️ 75

Ernst Chain

Sir Ernst Boris Chain

German Empire (Germany)

1906 – 1979 (73 years old)

German-born British biochemist who isolated and chemically purified penicillin and deduced its beta-lactam structure, winning the 1945 Nobel Prize.

Castlebar, County Mayo, Ireland

1,828 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

3,041

🕯️ 81

Sin-Itiro Tomonaga

朝永振一郎

Japan

1906 – 1979 (73 years old)

Japanese theoretical physicist who independently formulated relativistic quantum electrodynamics and renormalization.

Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan

3,041 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

0

🕯️ 0

Dennis Gabor

Gábor Dénes

Austria-Hungary

1900 – 1979 (78 years old)

Hungarian-British electrical engineer and physicist who invented holography in 1947, earning the 1971 Nobel Prize in Physics for pioneering three-dimensional optical imaging.

London, United Kingdom

0 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

4,199

🕯️ 46

Kurt Gödel

Kurt Friedrich Gödel

Czech Republic

1906 – 1978 (71 years old)

Austrian-American logician who proved the Incompleteness Theorems, shattering mathematical formalist certainty.

Princeton, New Jersey, United States

4,199 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

0

🕯️ 0

Edgar Adrian

Edgar Douglas Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian

United Kingdom

1889 – 1977 (87 years old)

English electrophysiologist who won the 1932 Nobel Prize in Medicine for recording the first electrical action potentials from single sensory nerve fibers, proving the 'all-or-none' law and frequency coding of nervous sensation.

Cambridge, United Kingdom

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Sciences & Discovery

2,758

🕯️ 50

Wernher von Braun

Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun

German Empire (Poland)

1912 – 1977 (65 years old)

German-American aerospace engineer and NASA visionary who designed the Saturn V rocket that propelled Apollo 11 to the Moon.

Alexandria, Virginia, United States

2,758 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

8

🕯️ 975

Werner Heisenberg

Werner Karl Heisenberg

Germany

5 December 1901 – 1 February 1976 (74 years old)

German theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate who founded quantum matrix mechanics and discovered the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, establishing fundamental limits on physical measurement.

Munich, Germany

8 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

0

🕯️ 0

Theodosius Dobzhansky

Феодосий Григорьевич Добржанский

Russian Empire (Ukraine)

1900 – 1975 (75 years old)

Russian-American geneticist whose 1937 masterpiece 'Genetics and the Origin of Species' formed the foundational cornerstone of the Modern Evolutionary Synthesis, famous for the immortal aphorism: 'Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution.'

South Canaan (Pennsylvania), United States

0 Full Record →

Sciences & Discovery

0

🕯️ 0

Percy Lavon Julian

United States

1899 – 1975 (76 years old)

Pioneering African American chemist who developed total chemical synthesis of physostigmine for glaucoma and scalable plant-based synthesis of steroid hormones such as cortisone and progesterone.

River Grove (Illinois), United States

0 Full Record →