Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Statesmanship & Statesmen

32

🕯️ 0

Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha

Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Paşa

Turkey

c. 1814 – 1869 (55 years old)

Ottoman Grand Vizier, brilliant diplomat, and co-leader of the Tanzimat reforms who resolved the 1860 Mount Lebanon crisis and modernized the Ottoman state administration.

Istanbul, Turkey

32 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

36

🕯️ 0

Thaddeus Stevens

Thaddeus Stevens

United States

1792 – 1868 (76 years old)

Formidable Radical Republican leader in the House of Representatives during the Civil War and Reconstruction who drafted the 14th Amendment and led the impeachment of Andrew Johnson.

Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States

36 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

44

🕯️ 0

Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston

Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston

Great Britain

1784 – 1865 (80 years old)

Dominant British Foreign Secretary and Prime Minister of the Victorian era known as 'Pam', famous for gunboat diplomacy and his 'Civis Romanus sum' doctrine.

London, United Kingdom

44 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

36

🕯️ 520

Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln

United States

1809-02-12 – 1865-04-15 (56 years old)

Preserved the American democratic experiment against dissolution and ended chattel slavery through the Emancipation Proclamation and the 13th Amendment.

Washington, D.C., United States

36 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

33

🕯️ 840

Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour

Camillo Paolo Filippo Giulio Benso, conte di Cavour

Italy

1810-08-10 – 1861-06-06 (50 years old)

Political architect of Italian unification; balanced revolutionary popular passion with sophisticated constitutional diplomacy.

Turin, Italy

33 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

73

🕯️ 790

Klemens von Metternich

Klemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar, Fürst von Metternich-Winneburg zu Beilstein

Germany

1773-05-15 – 1859-06-11 (86 years old)

Engineered the post-Napoleonic European balance of power, creating the Concert of Europe which prevented widespread European war for nearly a century.

Vienna, Austria

73 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

35

🕯️ 0

Daniel Webster

Daniel Webster

United States

1782 – 1852 (70 years old)

Foremost American constitutional orator and Whig statesman who served twice as Secretary of State and proclaimed 'Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!'.

Marshfield, Massachusetts, United States

35 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

34

🕯️ 0

Henry Clay Sr.

Henry Clay Sr.

United States

1777 – 1852 (75 years old)

Revered as 'The Great Compromiser', Speaker of the House, Secretary of State, and Kentucky Senator who preserved the Union through the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850.

Lexington, Kentucky, United States

34 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

33

🕯️ 0

Mirza Taghi Khan Amir Kabir

میرزا تقی‌خان امیرکبیر

Iran

1807 – 1852 (45 years old)

Visionary Chief Minister (Sadr-e Azam) of Qajar Iran who founded Dar al-Funun (Iran's first modern university), modernized industry, and was murdered in Fin Garden.

Karbala, Iraq

33 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

29

🕯️ 0

Ahmed Bey of Constantine

أحمد باي بن محمد الشريف

Algeria

c. 1786 – 1851 (65 years old)

Last Ottoman Bey of Constantine who repelled the French assault in the historic First Siege of Constantine in 1836 and waged ten years of relentless mountain resistance after the city's fall.

Algiers, Algeria

29 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

27

🕯️ 0

Lin Zexu

林則徐

China

1785 – 1850 (65 years old)

Imperial Commissioner of the Qing dynasty whose destruction of 20,000 chests of British opium at Humen ignited the First Opium War and inaugurated modern Chinese resistance to imperialism.

Fuzhou (Fujian), China

27 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

33

🕯️ 0

Jose Gervasio Artigas

Jose Gervasio Artigas

Uruguay

1764 – 1850 (86 years old)

National Hero and Founding Father of Uruguay, celebrated as the 'Protector of the Free Peoples' (Protector de los Pueblos Libres), who led the 1811 Oriental Exodus and formulated the revolutionary 1815 Agrarian Regulation favoring the dispossessed.

Montevideo, Uruguay

33 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

32

🕯️ 0

Jose de San Martin

Jose Francisco de San Martin y Matorras

Argentina

1778 – 1850 (72 years old)

Argentine general and prime liberator of southern South America who executed the legendary 1817 Crossing of the Andes, liberated Chile at Chacabuco and Maipu, and proclaimed the sovereign independence of Peru as its Protector.

Buenos Aires, Argentina

32 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

46

🕯️ 810

José de San Martín

José Francisco de San Martín y Matorras

Argentina

1778-02-25 – 1850-08-17 (72 years old)

Liberated three South American nations and chose voluntary self-exile after the Guayaquil Conference to avoid fratricidal civil war among the liberators.

Boulogne-sur-Mer, France

46 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

39

🕯️ 0

Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet

Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet

Great Britain

1788 – 1850 (62 years old)

Father of modern British policing who created the Metropolitan Police ('Bobbies'), founded the modern Conservative Party, and repealed the Corn Laws in 1846.

Drayton Bassett (Staffordshire), United Kingdom

39 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

39

🕯️ 0

John C. Calhoun

John Caldwell Calhoun

United States

1782 – 1850 (68 years old)

Seventh US Vice President, Secretary of War, and South Carolina Senator who formulated the political doctrines of Nullification and the Concurrent Majority.

Charleston, South Carolina, United States

39 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

37

🕯️ 0

Muhammad Ali of Egypt

محمد علي باشا

Greece

1769 – 1849 (80 years old)

Visionary Ottoman commander acclaimed as the 'Founder of Modern Egypt', who eliminated Mamluk hegemony, introduced long-staple cotton, built state industries, and founded the dynasty that governed Egypt until 1952.

Cairo, Egypt

37 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

39

🕯️ 980

John Quincy Adams

John Quincy Adams

United States

1767-07-11 – 1848-02-23 (80 years old)

Renowned as one of the greatest diplomats in American history and an uncompromising champion of abolitionism in Congress.

Washington, D.C., United States

39 Full Record →