Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata
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Jose de San Martin
Yapeyu (Corrientes), Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata
Archival Overview
Argentine general and prime liberator of southern South America who executed the legendary 1817 Crossing of the Andes, liberated Chile at Chacabuco and Maipu, and proclaimed the sovereign independence of Peru as its Protector.
Biographical Record
José de San Martín (1778–1850) served with distinction in the Spanish Royal Army fighting Napoleon before returning to Buenos Aires in 1812 to offer his sword to Argentine independence, creating the elite Mounted Grenadiers Regiment.
In January 1817, San Martín executed one of the greatest military logistics feats in human history, leading 5,000 men of the Army of the Andes over 15,000-foot Andean mountain passes in freezing conditions to surprise royalist forces at Chacabuco and liberate Chile. Sailing to Peru, he entered Lima in 1821, proclaiming independence and renouncing power after his historic Guayaquil summit with Bolívar.
Key Life Milestones
The Historic Crossing of the Andes
Led the Army of the Andes across the highest peaks in the Americas, defeating royalist forces at Chacabuco.
Proclamation of Peruvian Independence
Entered Lima without firing a shot, proclaiming the independence of Peru on July 28, 1821.
Memorial Guestbook & Tributes
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Final Resting Place
Perpetual MemorialBuenos Aires, Argentina