Russia
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Tuman Bay II
Circassia, Russia
Archival Overview
Last sovereign Mamluk Sultan of Egypt whose valiant, uncompromising defense of Cairo against the overwhelming Ottoman invasion of Sultan Selim I turned him into an immortal national hero of Egyptian patriotism.
Biographical Record
Elected sultan after Al-Ghawri's death at Marj Dabiq, Tuman Bay refused to surrender Egypt, mobilizing the populace and fortified positions at Ridaniya in January 1517. Despite confronting Ottoman gunpowder artillery with traditional cavalry, he fought with superhuman bravery.
Continuing a fierce guerrilla war through the alleyways of Cairo and the Delta, he was eventually betrayed and captured. Selim I ordered him hanged at Bab Zuweila; when the crowd saw him pray with serene dignity before his execution, thousands wept, and his memory was consecrated as an immortal martyr.
Key Life Milestones
Heroic Defense at the Battle of Ridaniya
Led the Egyptian forces in a desperate defensive stand against Ottoman cannon batteries outside Cairo.
Martyrdom at Bab Zuweila
Faced death with unbroken dignity before the historic gate of Cairo, immortalized as a supreme national patriot.
Heroic Defense at the Battle of Ridaniya
Led the Egyptian forces in a desperate defensive stand against Ottoman cannon batteries outside Cairo.
Martyrdom at Bab Zuweila
Faced death with unbroken dignity before the historic gate of Cairo, immortalized as a supreme national patriot.
Heroic Defense at the Battle of Ridaniya
Led the Egyptian forces in a desperate defensive stand against Ottoman cannon batteries outside Cairo.
Martyrdom at Bab Zuweila
Faced death with unbroken dignity before the historic gate of Cairo, immortalized as a supreme national patriot.
Memorial Guestbook & Tributes
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Final Resting Place
Perpetual MemorialCairo, Egypt