Prophets & Divine Messengers
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India
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Parshvanatha (23rd Tirthankara)
पार्श्वनाथ (Pārśvanātha)
(Known as "Parshvanatha")
23rd Tirthankara of Jainism, Master of Fourfold Restraint, Historical Prophet
Born
c. 877 BCE
Varanasi, India
Varanasi, India
Passed Away
c. 777 BCE
Shikharji (Parasnath Hill), India
Lifespan
~100 years old
"Compassion to all beings is the beginning of true wisdom. A heart free from anger harms no living thing."
Archival Overview
Earliest historically verified Tirthankara of Jainism, living 250 years before Mahavira. Established the Fourfold Law of Restraint (Chaturyama Dharma) and protected living creatures with boundless compassion.
Biographical Record
Prince of the holy city of Varanasi, Parshvanatha was celebrated for his natural serenity. Legend recounts his rescue of two serpents burning inside a sacrificial fire log, who later became the celestial guardian Dharanendra.
Renouncing his kingdom, he meditated on Mount Sammed Shikhar (Parasnath Hill), achieving liberation at age one hundred. The peak remains the most sacred pilgrimage sanctuary of the Jain world.
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Final Resting Place
Perpetual Memorial
Shikharji Holy Peak Sanctuary (Parasnath Hill)
Shikharji (Parasnath Hill), India
Shikharji (Parasnath Hill), India
GPS: 23.9614, 86.1369
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