Sibawayh

Amr ibn Uthman ibn Qanbar, famous by his Persian moniker Sibawayh ('Scent of Apples'), was born in Bayza near Shiraz and moved to Basra to study hadith. After mispronouncing an Arabic phrase before his master, he took a solemn vow to master the language so thoroughly that no scholar on earth could surpass him.

Studying under Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi, Sibawayh produced Al-Kitab (The Book), the first comprehensive, scientific grammatical description of the Arabic language. Spanning syntax, morphology, and phonetics with astonishing linguistic genius, his book was deemed so monumental that grammarians simply called it 'The Quran of Grammar'. He died in his native Fars at just thirty-six.