Samuel of Nehardea
Religious Figures & Theologians • Historical Archive • 🌐 Babylonia • 3 views

Samuel of Nehardea 🌐

שמואל (Known as "Mar Shmuel")
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Born c. 180 CE 🌐 Nehardea, Babylonia
Passed Away c. 257 CE Nehardea, Babylonia
Lifespan 77 years old
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Notice / Correction
"The paths of the heavens are as clear to me as the streets of Nehardea."

Archival Overview

Babylonian Amora, astronomer, physician, and head of the Nehardea Academy who formulated the historic halakhic principle 'Dina de-malkhuta dina' (the law of the land is law).

Biographical Record

Shmuel of Nehardea (c. 180–257 CE) was the intellectual partner and frequent disputant of Rav, excelling in civil jurisprudence, medicine, and calendar science.

His landmark legal ruling, 'Dina de-malkhuta dina', established that Jews in the diaspora are religiously obligated to observe the secular laws of their host country.

Key Life Milestones

225

Formulation of 'Dina De-Malkhuta Dina'

Established the principle that civil laws of secular sovereign nations are halakhically binding.

250

Astronomical Calendar Reforms

Calculated fixed lunar calendars for the diaspora, earning the title 'Shmuel the Astronomer'.

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Final Resting Place

Perpetual Memorial
Ancient Cemetery of Nehardea
Nehardea, Iraq
GPS: 33.3167, 44.2000
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