Greece
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Ptolemy II Philadelphus
Kos, Greece
Archival Overview
Second Ptolemaic monarch of Egypt whose golden reign transformed Alexandria into the supreme center of Hellenistic commerce, science, and poetry, celebrated for completing the Pharos Lighthouse and commissioning the Greek Septuagint translation.
Biographical Record
Son of Ptolemy I and Berenice I, Ptolemy II expanded Egyptian naval dominance across the Aegean and Levant. A magnificent patron of literature and natural sciences, he gathered poets such as Callimachus and Theocritus, and scientists like Ctesibius to his court.
He oversaw the completion of the colossal Pharos Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. According to tradition recorded in the Letter of Aristeas, he invited seventy-two Jewish scholars to Alexandria to translate the Hebrew Torah into Greek (the Septuagint).
Key Life Milestones
Completion of the Pharos of Alexandria
Finished construction of the monumental 100-meter-tall Pharos Lighthouse, guiding maritime commerce to the Great Port.
Commissioning of the Septuagint Translation
Sponsored the translation of the Hebrew Scriptures into Greek, creating the foundational text of Hellenistic Judaism.
Completion of the Pharos of Alexandria
Finished construction of the monumental 100-meter-tall Pharos Lighthouse, guiding maritime commerce to the Great Port.
Commissioning of the Septuagint Translation
Sponsored the translation of the Hebrew Scriptures into Greek, creating the foundational text of Hellenistic Judaism.
Completion of the Pharos of Alexandria
Finished construction of the monumental 100-meter-tall Pharos Lighthouse, guiding maritime commerce to the Great Port.
Commissioning of the Septuagint Translation
Sponsored the translation of the Hebrew Scriptures into Greek, creating the foundational text of Hellenistic Judaism.
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Final Resting Place
Perpetual MemorialAlexandria, Egypt