Plutarco Elias Calles
Source: Wikipedia: Plutarco Elías Calles
Statesmanship & Statesmen • Historical Archive • 🇲🇽 Mexico • 1 views

Plutarco Elias Calles 🇲🇽

Plutarco Elías Calles
["President of Mexico", "Jefe Maximo", "Founder of the PNR (PRI)"]
Born Sep 25, 1877 🇲🇽 Guaymas (Sonora), Mexico
Passed Away Oct 19, 1945 Mexico City, Mexico
Lifespan 68 years old
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Notice / Correction
"We must pass from an era of military strongmen to an era of permanent democratic institutions."

Archival Overview

President of Mexico who founded the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) that ruled Mexico for seven decades, and whose fierce enforcement of anti-clerical laws provoked the Cristero War.

Biographical Record

A former rural schoolteacher in Sonora, Plutarco Elias Calles (1877–1945) rose through the revolutionary ranks to become interior minister and was elected President in 1924. He promoted land distribution, public education, and domestic banking reforms.

Calles strictly enforced the secular provisions of the 1917 Constitution, closing Catholic schools and expelling foreign priests, triggering the violent Cristero Rebellion (1926–1929). In 1929, he founded the National Revolutionary Party (PNR, later PRI) to institutionalize political succession without recurring military civil wars, governing behind the scenes as 'Jefe Maximo' until exiled by Lazaro Cardenas in 1936.

Key Life Milestones

1924

Inauguration as President of Mexico

Assumed the presidency, consolidating agrarian reform, national banking, and secular public education.

1929

Founding of the PNR (Later PRI)

Established the ruling revolutionary party, creating an enduring institutional political framework.

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Final Resting Place

Perpetual Memorial
Monument to the Revolution Crypt
Mexico City, Mexico
GPS: 19.4365, -99.1546
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