Moulay Abd al-Aziz ibn al-Hassan

Moulay Abd al-Aziz ascended the throne at age sixteen following the sudden death of his father Hassan I in 1894, with Grand Vizier Ba Ahmad governing as regent until 1900. When Abd al-Aziz assumed direct rule, he initiated bold fiscal and administrative reforms, such as the universal Tartib tax, to replace feudal exemptions.

Fascinated by European technology, bicycles, and early photography, he attempted to modernize the state while European powers encircled Morocco, leading to the Algeciras Conference in 1906. Deposed by his brother Moulay Abd al-Hafid in 1908, he retired with royal stature to Tangier, living as a respected elder statesman until his death in 1943.