Jilali ibn Idris al-Zarhouni al-Youssefi

Jilali al-Zarhouni, educated in engineering and artillery in Algeria and France, served as an administrative clerk in the palace of Sultan Moulay Hassan I. In 1902, riding a female donkey (earning him the moniker 'Bou Hmara'), he proclaimed himself the Sultan's eldest son, Moulay Mohammed, and rallied the eastern Ghiyata and Rif tribes.

Establishing his capital at Taza and later Selouane, he organized an effective administration, minted coins, and defeated several imperial armies sent from Fez. In August 1909, he was captured by Sultan Moulay Abd al-Hafid's forces, brought to Fez in an iron cage, and executed on September 2, 1909.