Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i (Nasir al-Sunnah)
Religious Figures & Theologians • Historical Archive • 🇵🇸 Palestine • 13 views

Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i (Nasir al-Sunnah) 🇵🇸

محمد بن إدريس الشافعي (Known as "Imam Al-Shafi'i")
Founder of the Shafi'i School, Father of Legal Hermeneutics (Usul al-Fiqh), Author of Al-Risala
Born c. 767 CE (150 AH) 🇵🇸 Gaza, Palestine
Passed Away 20 January 820 CE (204 AH) Fustat (Cairo), Egypt
Lifespan 52 years old
13 views
Notice / Correction
"My opinion is correct with the possibility of error, and the opinion of another is incorrect with the possibility of being right. If an authentic tradition is found, that is my school."

Archival Overview

Supreme legal jurist and poet who formulated the science of Islamic legal theory (Usul al-Fiqh). Reconciled the rationalist school of Iraq with the traditionalist school of the Hijaz in his seminal treatise Al-Risala.

Biographical Record

Born in Gaza of Quraysh descent and raised in Mecca in poverty, Al-Shafi'i memorized the Quran in childhood and studied under Imam Malik in Medina. Later traveling to Baghdad, he engaged with Hanafi jurists before settling in Cairo, refining his jurisprudence into the "New School" (Qawl Jadid).

His work Al-Risala defined the four legal sources: the Quran, authentic Sunnah, consensus (Ijma), and analogical reasoning (Qiyas). His mausoleum in Cairo remains an architectural jewel and pilgrimage site.

Key Life Milestones

c. 800 CE

Discourses in Baghdad (The Old School)

Engaged in celebrated debates with Hanafi master Muhammad al-Shaybani, bridging legal philosophies.

814–820 CE

Establishment of the New School in Egypt

Relocated to Cairo, formulating Al-Risala and Kitab al-Umm, the bedrock of Islamic legal jurisprudence.

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Final Resting Place

Perpetual Memorial
Mausoleum of Imam al-Shafi'i
Fustat (Cairo), Egypt
GPS: 30.0169, 31.2567
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