Ibn Zuhr

ابن زهر (Known as "Avenzoar")

Physician, Surgeon, Pioneer of Experimental Medicine, Almohad Court Doctor

Born c. 1094

Seville, Morocco

Passed Away 1162 Seville, Morocco

Lifespan 68 years old

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Notice / Correction

"Medicine without experimental proof is but conjecture; the physician's only master is observation."

Archival Overview

Pioneering physician known to the Western world as Avenzoar, who served the Almohad dynasty in Marrakesh, introduced animal testing and human tracheotomy, and authored the foundational Kitab al-Taysir.

Biographical Record

Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik ibn Zuhr hailed from an illustrious multi-generational medical dynasty. Moving between Seville and Marrakesh as the chief medical advisor to the Almohad ruler Abd al-Mu'min, he championed empirical clinical observation against dogmatic humoral speculation.

His landmark work, Kitab al-Taysir fi al-Mudawat wa al-Tadbir (Book of Simplification Concerning Therapeutics and Diet), translated into Latin and Hebrew, served as a primary surgical and therapeutic manual in European medical faculties for four centuries.

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Final Resting Place

Perpetual Memorial

Ancient Scholars Necropolis
Marrakesh, Morocco

                         GPS: 31.6295, -7.9811                    

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