Archival Overview
Fierce anti-apartheid revolutionary known as 'The Lion of Pietermaritzburg', who spent over twenty years on Robben Island, losing the use of both arms yet remaining an unshakeable leader.
Biographical Record
Themba Harry Gwala was born on July 30, 1920, in New Scotland, Natal. Qualifying as a teacher at Adams College, he joined the SACP in 1942 and the ANC in 1944, organizing railway and chemical workers in Pietermaritzburg.
Arrested in 1964 and sentenced to eight years on Robben Island, Gwala was arrested again in 1975 for recruiting for Umkhonto we Sizwe and sentenced to life imprisonment. While on Robben Island, severe motor neuron disease paralyzed both his arms, but his fierce intellect and Marxist lectures commanded profound respect. Released on humanitarian grounds in 1988, he led the ANC in the violent Natal Midlands conflict and was elected to parliament in 1994, awarded the Isitwalandwe Medal.
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Final Resting Place
Perpetual MemorialPietermaritzburg, South Africa