Guy Carleton (Lord Dorchester)

Serving as Governor of Quebec, Carleton recognized that the loyalty of the French Canadian majority required respecting their cultural, legal, and religious identity. His tireless lobbying of the British Parliament resulted in the landmark Quebec Act of 1774, which recognized French civil law and Catholic emancipation.

During the American Revolutionary War, Carleton defended Quebec City against Benedict Arnold and Richard Montgomery in 1775. As commander in New York in 1783, he oversaw the evacuation of 30,000 United Empire Loyalists and 3,000 freed Black Loyalists to Nova Scotia and Upper Canada.