Austria
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Erich von Tschermak
Vienna, Austria
Archival Overview
Austrian agronomist and plant breeder who independently rediscovered Mendel's principles of heredity in 1900 and applied Mendelian genetics to crop breeding, developing disease-resistant high-yield hybrid wheat, barley, and oat strains.
Biographical Record
Erich von Tschermak-Seysenegg (1871–1962), grandson of the famous botanist Eduard Fenzl who had taught Gregor Mendel at the University of Vienna, graduated in agricultural science in Halle. In 1898, conducting artificial hybridization of garden peas at Esslingen, he independently derived 3:1 phenotypic ratios.
Following his 1900 publication confirming Mendel, Tschermak devoted his long career as professor at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna to practical agriculture. Crossing European wheat with wild varieties, he developed rust-resistant winter wheat and triticale hybrids that averted famine across Central Europe.
Key Life Milestones
Rediscovery of Mendelian Ratios in Peas
Published independent breeding experiments verifying the segregation of hereditary traits.
Development of Triticale and Hybrid Cereals
Pioneered inter-generic cereal hybridization, creating resilient wheat-rye crops.
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Final Resting Place
Perpetual MemorialVienna, Austria