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Charles Evans Hughes
Glens Falls, New York, United States
Archival Overview
11th Chief Justice of the United States, Governor of New York, Secretary of State, and 1916 Republican presidential nominee who led the Washington Naval Conference and resisted FDR's Court-packing plan.
Biographical Record
Charles Evans Hughes (1862–1948) was an American statesman, jurist, and legal reformer who was one of the most prominent public servants in 20th-century American history. Gaining national fame as a crusading counsel investigating corrupt insurance monopolies in New York, Hughes was elected Governor of New York in 1906, passing pioneering progressive labor and public utility regulations.
Appointed to the Supreme Court by Taft in 1910, Hughes resigned in 1916 to run as the Republican presidential nominee against Woodrow Wilson, narrowly losing by only 23 electoral votes. As Secretary of State under Harding and Coolidge, he organized the historic 1921 Washington Naval Conference, achieving the first major disarmament treaty in modern history. Appointed Chief Justice by Herbert Hoover in 1930, Hughes masterfully defended the independence of the federal judiciary, leading the Court through the Great Depression and successfully defeating Franklin D. Roosevelt's 1937 Court-packing scheme.
Key Life Milestones
Washington Naval Conference
Convened the Washington Naval Conference, orchestrating the Five-Power Treaty that scrapped two million tons of naval warships.
Defeat of FDR Court-Packing Plan
Authored the famous Senate Judiciary letter refuting FDR's claims of judicial inefficiency, decisively defeating the Court-packing bill.
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Final Resting Place
Perpetual MemorialBronx, New York, United States