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Birsa Munda
Ulihatu, India
Archival Overview
Adivasi religious leader and folk hero who spearheaded the 'Ulgulan' (Great Tumult) tribal movement against British land alienation in the Chota Nagpur plateau.
Biographical Record
Birsa Munda was born into the Munda tribe in the Chota Nagpur region of Jharkhand. Witnessing the systematic usurpation of ancestral tribal lands by British authorities and non-tribal landlords (dikus), he founded a spiritual movement emphasizing cultural dignity and indigenous ownership.
In 1899, Munda declared the 'Ulgulan' (The Great Tumult), mobilizing thousands of Munda fighters armed with traditional weapons to attack police stations and landlords. Captured in 1900, he died mysteriously in Ranchi Jail at age twenty-five, forcing the British to enact the historic Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act.
Key Life Milestones
Declaration of the Great Tumult
Launched an indigenous war of liberation to expel British rule and reclaim ancestral lands.
Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act
His uprising compelled the colonial state to legally ban the transfer of tribal land to outsiders.
Memorial Guestbook & Tributes
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Final Resting Place
Perpetual MemorialRanchi, India