Ireland
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Arthur Griffith
Dublin, Ireland
Archival Overview
Irish political leader and journalist who founded Sinn Fein in 1905, served as President of Dail Eireann (1922), and led the Irish delegation that negotiated the historic 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty establishing the Irish Free State.
Biographical Record
Arthur Griffith (1871–1922) was a printer and brilliant political pamphleteer. In his 1904 work 'The Resurrection of Hungary', Griffith proposed the 'Sinn Féin' (Ourselves Alone) policy: that elected Irish MPs should refuse to sit in the British Parliament at Westminster, withdraw to Dublin, and establish an independent national parliament.
Griffith's strategy bore fruit in the 1918 landslide election that created the First Dáil Éireann. In late 1921, Griffith chaired the Irish treaty delegation in London alongside Michael Collins, signing the Anglo-Irish Treaty on December 6, 1921. Elected President of Dáil Éireann in January 1922, he died of exhaustion eight months later on the eve of civil war.
Key Life Milestones
Founding of Sinn Fein
Established the political party that became the primary vehicle for Irish national self-determination.
Signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty
Led the Irish delegation that signed the treaty in London establishing the Irish Free State.
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Final Resting Place
Perpetual MemorialDublin, Ireland