Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Arts & Music

3

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Wilhelm Maria Hubertus Leibl

Wilhelm Leibl

Kingdom of Prussia

1844 – 1900 (56 years old)

German Realist master whose meticulous Holbeinesque brushwork and rustic village masterworks—including 'Three Women in Church'—won the admiration of Gustave Courbet in Paris.

Würzburg, Germany

3 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

9

🕯️ 999

Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde

Oscar Wilde

Ireland

16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900 (46 years old)

Supreme wit of the Victorian age and champion of Aestheticism whose sparkling comic masterpieces—The Importance of Being Earnest—and gothic parable The Picture of Dorian Gray were followed by tragic imprisonment and the haunting ballad of Reading Gaol.

Paris, France

9 Full Record →

Philosophy & Thought

13

🕯️ 995

Friedrich Nietzsche

Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche

Germany

15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900 (55 years old)

Revolutionary German philosopher whose electrifying works dismantled traditional morality, proclaimed the death of God, and celebrated the Will to Power, the Übermensch, and Amor Fati.

Weimar, German Empire

13 Full Record →

Arts & Music

4

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Isaac Ilyich Levitan

Исаак Ильич Левитан

Russian Empire

1860 – 1900 (39 years old)

Foremost Russian landscape painter and Peredvizhnik master whose 'mood landscapes' (Over Eternal Peace, Golden Autumn) captured the melancholic soul of the Russian countryside.

Moscow, Russia

4 Full Record →

Resistance & Human Rights

3

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Birsa Munda

बिरसा मुंडा

India

1875 – 1900 (24 years old)

Adivasi religious leader and folk hero who spearheaded the 'Ulgulan' (Great Tumult) tribal movement against British land alienation in the Chota Nagpur plateau.

Ranchi, India

3 Full Record →

Resistance & Human Rights

3

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Samori Toure

Samori Toure (Almamy)

Guinea

c. 1830 – 1900 (70 years old)

Founder and Emperor of the Wassoulou Empire, acclaimed as the 'Napoleon of the Sudan', who forged a professional modernized army with local firearms manufacturing and resisted French colonial conquest across West Africa for sixteen years.

Conakry, Guinea

3 Full Record →

Arts & Music

3,842

🕯️ 46

Ivan Aivazovsky

Hovhannes Aivazian / Иван Константинович Айвазовский

Russia

1817 – 1900 (82 years old)

World-renowned Armenian-Russian marine painter celebrated for breathtaking depictions of stormy seas, translucent waves, and naval battles.

Feodosia, Crimea, Ukraine

3,842 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

4

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Dwight Lyman Moody

Dwight L. Moody

United States

1837 – 1899 (62 years old)

American evangelist and publisher who founded the Moody Church, Moody Bible Institute, and Northfield Mount Hermon School, winning millions across America and Britain alongside Ira Sankey.

Northfield, Massachusetts, United States

4 Full Record →

Arts & Music

3

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Pierre Puvis de Chavannes

Pierre Puvis de Chavannes

Kingdom of France

1824 – 1898 (73 years old)

Foremost mural painter of the French Third Republic whose serene, muted monumental frescoes at the Panthéon and Boston Public Library deeply inspired Gauguin and Picasso's Blue Period.

Paris, France

3 Full Record →

Literature & Poetry

24

🕯️ 925

Étienne Stéphane Mallarmé

Stéphane Mallarmé

France

18 March 1842 – 9 September 1898 (56 years old)

Intellectual leader of French Symbolism whose weekly Tuesday gatherings (Les Mardis) mentored Gide, Valéry, and Proust, and whose hermetic masterpieces—L'Après-midi d'un faune and Un Coup de dés—pioneered modern abstract poetry.

Valvins (Avon, Seine-et-Marne), France

24 Full Record →

Arts & Music

4

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Félicien Rops

Félicien Rops

Belgium

1833 – 1898 (65 years old)

Belgian Symbolist printmaker and illustrator whose dark, erotic, and satirical prints—such as 'Pornokrates'—illustrated Baudelaire and captured the decadent spirit of late 19th-century Europe.

Namur, Belgium

4 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

8

🕯️ 780

Otto von Bismarck

Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck

Germany

1815-04-01 – 1898-07-30 (83 years old)

Unified Germany into a dominant European power and invented the modern social security system to integrate the working class into the state.

Friedrichsruh, Germany

8 Full Record →

Arts & Music

3

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Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones

Edward Burne-Jones

United Kingdom

1833 – 1898 (64 years old)

Leading late Pre-Raphaelite and Symbolist painter whose dreamy Arthurian legends, stained glass for William Morris, and masterworks like 'The Golden Stairs' brought medieval romance to life.

Brighton, United Kingdom

3 Full Record →

Humanitarian & Peace

7

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Samuel Plimsoll

Samuel Plimsoll

United Kingdom

1824 – 1898 (74 years old)

Parlementaire et réformateur social britannique surnommé « l'Ami des marins », inventeur de la ligne de charge (ligne de Plimsoll) empêchant le naufrage des navires surchargés.

Cheriton, Folkestone, Kent, United Kingdom

7 Full Record →

Statesmanship & Statesmen

12

🕯️ 620

William Gladstone

William Ewart Gladstone

Great Britain

1809-12-29 – 1898-05-19 (88 years old)

Dominant moral voice of Victorian British politics; introduced the secret ballot, expanded the voting franchise, and fought for Irish self-determination.

Hawarden, Flintshire, Great Britain

12 Full Record →

Humanitarian & Peace

9

🕯️ 1,110

Dr. Louis Paul Amédée Appia

Louis Paul Amédée Appia

Germany

13 October 1818 – 1 May 1898 (79 years old)

Dr. Louis Appia was a Swiss-German surgeon and co-founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). The preeminent battlefield doctor among the 'Committee of Five', he was the first person in history to wear a Red Cross armband during an active military conflict during the Second Schleswig War in 1864, testing international humanitarian medical neutrality in the field.

Geneva, Switzerland

9 Full Record →

Resistance & Human Rights

4

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Nehanda Charwe Nyakasikana

Mbuya Nehanda

🌐 Zimbabwe

c. 1840 – 1898 (~58 years old)

Spiritual medium of the Shona people whose leadership of the First Chimurenga against Cecil Rhodes's British South Africa Company made her Zimbabwe's foremost national symbol.

Harare, Zimbabwe

4 Full Record →

Arts & Music

3

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Gustave Moreau

Gustave Moreau

Kingdom of France

1826 – 1898 (72 years old)

Patriarch of French Symbolism whose jewel-encrusted, mythological masterworks like 'The Apparition' and 'Jupiter and Semele' mentored Henri Matisse and Georges Rouault.

Paris, France

3 Full Record →